Ocean

I-International Science Council (ISC) izibophezele ekuthuthukiseni isayensi yolwandle kanye nokusimama ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zomhlaba wonke, ukubambisana, nemizamo yenqubomgomo. Ngokusekela ucwaningo lwemikhakha eyahlukene kanye nokukhuthaza izixazululo ezisekelwe kwisayensi, i-ISC isebenza ukubhekana nezinselelo ezibucayi zolwandle njengokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, nokulahlekelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, okunikela olwandle olunempilo, oluzinzile ezizukulwaneni ezizayo.

Umphakathi wasolwandle we-ISC

I-ISC ixhasa ngokubambisana izinhlelo zesayensi nezinhlelo eziqinisa imizamo yesayensi yomhlaba wonke kusayensi yolwandle kanye nokusimama. Ngokusebenzisa I-ISC Affiliated Bodies and Members umsebenzi wawo ugxile ezindabeni ezihlobene nolwandle (bona Izinhlaka Ezisebenzisanayo Namalungu ngezansi), i-ISC ixhuma ububanzi obubanzi bobuchwepheshe besayensi ezindaweni ezifana nokujikeleza kolwandle, ukubhekwa, imithelela yesimo sezulu, kanye nesimiso sezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle.

I-UN Ocean Decade

The I-United Nations Ocean Decade inikeza uhlaka olungakaze lubonwe lokuqhubekisela phambili isayensi yolwandle ekusekeleni intuthuko esimeme. Njengozakwethu obalulekile, i-ISC inqoba ucwaningo lwemikhakha eyahlukene, ukwakhiwa kwamandla, nokwabelana ngolwazi ukuze kubhekwane nezinselele eziphuthumayo ezifana nokufudumala kolwandle, izehlakalo ezimbi kakhulu, kanye nokucekelwa phansi kwe-ecosystem. Ngokusekela isayensi ebandakanyayo, egxile kwizixazululo, i-ISC iqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi lolwandle lusiza abantu kanye neplanethi.

Izingqungquthela ze-UN Ocean

Ukwakhela phezu kwamagalelo ayo ezingqungqutheleni zangaphambilini ze-UN Ocean 2017 futhi 2022, i-ISC ilungiselela indima esebenzayo ku I-UNOC 2025. Ngokubiza amaqembu ochwepheshe kanye nokugqugquzela izingxoxo zenqubomgomo yesayensi, i-ISC iqinisekisa ukuthi ubufakazi bakamuva besayensi bazisa izingxoxo nezivumelwano ezibalulekile.

Ngo-2025, i-ISC isilungisile okokufaka okubhaliwe ku-Zero Draft of the Political Declaration, ukuhlonza izikhala ezibalulekile kanye nokunikeza izincomo zokuqinisa isisekelo sayo esisekelwe kwisayensi. Yakhelwe phezu kwemininingwane evela ku- Iqembu lochwepheshe be-ISC ocean, ukuhlaziya kugcizelela indima ebalulekile yesayensi ekuqondeni izinselele zolwandle nokuthuthukisa izixazululo eziphumelelayo, ezisekelwe ebufakazini, kuyilapho kuqokomisa isidingo sendlela edidiyelwe kakhudlwana neqhutshwa ngokulingana ekubusweni kolwandle.

Ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi Isimemezelo sibonisa ulwazi lwakamuva lwesayensi, iqembu lochwepheshe bezilwandle be-ISC nalo likhombe okubalulekile okusekelwe kwisayensi ukwazisa izingxoxo kanye nokweseka isenzo esihlelekile esibhekana nezinga nokuphuthuma kwezinselele ezibhekene nolwandle.

I-ISC futhi yeluleka Amazwe Angamalungu Ephaneli Yesenzo Solwandle, isiza ekulolongeni izingxoxo ezinezihloko futhi ihlanganise imininingwane yesayensi kube izincomo ezisebenzayo.

Umsebenzi ohlobene

Ukuphakamisa izwi le-Small Island Developing States (SIDS)  

Amazwe Athuthukayo Eziqhingini Ezincane ahamba phambili ekushintsheni kolwandle, abhekene namazinga akhuphukayo olwandle, isimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, nezingcindezi zemithombo yasolwandle. Abakwa-ISC IKomiti Yokuxhumana ye-SIDS ihlanganisa ndawonye ochwepheshe abavela kulezi zifunda ukuze baqinisekise ulwazi lwabo nezinto eziza kuqala kubo kulolonga izingxoxo zolwandle zomhlaba. Ngokuhlanganisa ubungcweti bendawo nesayensi yomhlaba wonke, i-ISC isiza ukuqinisa ukuqina kanye namasu aguquguqukayo eziqhingini.

Ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki, okuhlanganisa nendawo yasolwandle

Ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki kuyinkinga ekhulayo enomthelela omubi ezinhlelweni zemvelo zasolwandle. I-ISC iyaqhubeka nokusekela ngenkuthalo i Ikomidi Lokuxoxisana Kukahulumeni (INC) mayelana Nokungcola Kwepulasitiki, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubufakazi besayensi bazisa ukuthuthukiswa kwesivumelwano esisebenzayo, esibopha ngokomthetho. Ngokuxhuma ubuchwepheshe besayensi nezinqubo zenqubomgomo, i-ISC inikela emizamweni yomhlaba wonke yokunciphisa udoti wepulasitiki nokuvikela ulwandle.

Resources

Inethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke ye-ISC ikhiqiza ulwazi olubalulekile, imibiko, namathuluzi okuqhubekisela phambili isayensi yolwandle nokwazisa ngokuthathwa kwezinqumo. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa izinsiza ezibalulekile ezihlobene nolwandle ezivela kumalungu e-ISC namanethiwekhi ochwepheshe, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ucwaningo olusezingeni eliphezulu luyafinyeleleka kubenzi bezinqubomgomo, abacwaningi, kanye nababambiqhaza abasebenza ukuvikela nokubuyisela ulwandle.

Izinhlanga Ezisebenzisanayo Namalungu

• I-Caribbean Academy of Sciences (CAS)
• I-Centre Scientifique de Monaco (CSM)
• Umhlaba Ozayo
• I-Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS)
• I-Indian National Science Academy (INSA)
  • Ikomidi Lesigaba – IV: Isayensi Yomhlaba Nezemvelo
• I-International Geographical Union (IGU)
  • Ikhomishini eziqhingini,
  • Ikhomishini yeToponymy
• I-International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA)
• I-International Union ye-Geodesy kanye ne-Geophysics (IUGG)
  • I-International Association for the Physical Sciences of the Oceans (IAPSO)
• I-International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS)
• UMkhandlu Kazwelonke Wokucwaninga (CNR), Italy
• I-National Research Council yaseCanada (NRC)
  • I-Ocean, Coastal and River Engineering Research Centre
• I-Nigerian Academy yeSayensi
  • I-Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research (NIOMR)
• IRoyal Irish Academy (RIA)
• I-Royal Society, e-United Kingdom
• IKomidi Lesayensi Locwaningo Lwe-Antarctic (SCAR)
• IKomidi Lesayensi Lokucwaninga Kwasolwandle (SCOR)
• Inyuvesi yase-Arctic (UArctic)
  • I-Ocean Food Systems Thematic Network
• IYunivesithi yaseNingizimu Pacific (USP)
• Inyuvesi yaseBergen (UiB), Norway
• Uhlelo Lokucwaninga Ngesimo Sezulu Lomhlaba (WCRP)

Amaphepha esayensi abuyekezwe ngontanga nemibiko

• Intuthuko ekuqondeni ukushintshana komoya nolwandle kanye nokuhamba ngebhayisikili kwamagesi abamba ukushisa olwandle olungenhla (kuthunyelwe ngu- IKomidi Lesayensi Lokucwaninga Kwasolwandle (SCOR)) igcizelela isidingo sendlela edidiyelwe, ehlanganisa imikhakha eyahlukene ukuze kuqondwe kangcono ukugitsheliswa kwamabhayisikili olwandle amagesi abamba ukushisa (GHGs) kanye nokusabela kwawo ezinguqukweni zolwandle, okubalulekile ekubhekaneni nomthelela wesimo sezulu kanye nemvelo.
• Amasiginesha e-DOC adidayo aveza ukulawulwa kwe-iron kumandla wokuthekelisa e-Pacific Southern Ocean (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) ihlola ukuthi ukuthekelisa kwezinhlayiyana ezijulile olwandle ku-Southern Ocean kugqugquzelwa kanjani insimbi evela ekuxubeni okujulile okungaphambili kanye nokuncibilika kweqhwa olwandle, okunomthelela ekuthathweni kwekhabhoni isikhathi eside kanye nomthelela wokuguquka kwesimo sezulu.
• Ingabe sibukela phansi imiphumela yokufudumala kwemvelo neyokuziphendukela kwemvelo? Ukusebenzelana nabanye abashayeli bemvelo kungase kwenyuse ubungozi bezinhlobo zokushisa emazingeni aphezulu (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) igcizelela ukubaluleka kokucabangela izingcindezi ezengeziwe zokushintsha emhlabeni jikelele lapho ufunda ama-thermal performance curves (TPCs) kuma-ectotherms, njengoba ukwehluleka ukwenza kanjalo kungase kuholele ekubukeni phansi izingozi zokufudumala ku-ecosystem.
• I-Bioaccumulation yama-polycyclic aromatics hydrocarbons avela kumfucumfucu wemfucumfucu kagwayi wamapayipi ohlobo lwePeronia peronii evela esifundeni sasePersian Gulf (kulethwe yi-Integrated Marine Biosphere Research (IBeR), i-Large-Scale Ocean Research Project ngaphansi SCOR kanye neGlobal Research Network ngaphansi Umhlaba Ozayo) yembula indlela amakhemikhali anobuthi aphuma kudoti kagwayi wamanzi anqwabelana ngayo ezintweni eziphila olwandle ePersian Gulf.
• I-Blueprint Yohlelo Lwensimu Yensimu Yeminyaka Eyishumi Ye-Deep-Sea Yomhlaba Wonke (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) iveza uhlelo lomhlaba wonke lokucwaninga ngebhayoloji ejulile yolwandle, 'Challenger 150,' okuhloswe ngayo ukubhekana nemibuzo yesayensi ebalulekile mayelana ne-deep-sea ecosystem ukuze kwaziwe ukuphathwa okusimeme, kugxilwe ekuqoqweni kwedatha, ukwakhiwa kwamandla, kanye nokubandakanya ukusekela i-UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.
• Ukwakha Izikole Eziphumelelayo Zasehlobo Zamazwe Ngamazwe Ukuze Kuthuthukiswe Amandla Abacwaningi Bemisebenzi Yasemanzini Asekuqaleni (kuthunyelwe yi-IMBeR, ngaphansi SCOR futhi Umhlaba Ozayo) ihlola umthelela wochungechunge lwezikole zasehlobo zasolwandle i-ClimEco futhi inikeza isiqondiso sokuklama izinhlelo zokufunda zesayensi ezingakahleleki ukuze kunikezwe amandla abacwaningi bemisebenzi yangaphambi kwesikhathi ekuthuthukiseni ukusimama kolwandle.
• I-Carbonate chemistry kanye ne-CO2 dynamics ePersian Gulf (kuthunyelwe yi-IMBeR, ngaphansi SCOR futhi Umhlaba Ozayo) inikeza idatha ebalulekile mayelana nesimo sohlelo lwe-seawater carbonate e-Persian Gulf.
• Iminyaka Eyishumi Yokufaka Isayensi Yezenhlalakahle Kuphrojekthi Yezokucwaninga Ngezinto Zasolwandle Edidiyelwe (I-IMBeR): Kuningi Okwenziwe, Kuningi Okufanele Ukwenze? (kuthunyelwe yi-IMBeR, ngaphansi SCOR futhi Umhlaba Ozayo) igqamisa ukubaluleka kwamanethiwekhi ocwaningo omhlaba ahlukahlukene, kusetshenziswa iphrojekthi ye-IMBeR njengesibonelo sokuhlola ukuthi ukubambisana kuzo zonke izifunda nemikhakha eyahlukene kungabhekana kanjani nezinselele eziyinkimbinkimbi zasolwandle nezenhlalo-mpilo.
• Ukusatshalaliswa, ubungozi bemvelo, kanye nezinselelo zokongiwa kwezinto ezingcolisa amakhemikhali ezindaweni ezivikelekile zase-Persian Gulf (kuthunyelwe yi-IMBeR, ngaphansi SCOR futhi Umhlaba Ozayo) ihlaziya ukusatshalaliswa kokungcola e-Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) e-Persian Gulf, ijulisa ulwazi lwethu lokusebenza ngempumelelo kwe-MPA futhi igqamisa isidingo esibalulekile sezindlela zokuphatha eziqinile.
• Ukuhlolwa kwezindawo zokulahla udoti e-Pašman Island kanye nemibono yabantu baseziqhingini mayelana nezindaba zokulawulwa kwemfucuza (kulethwe yiKhomishini eziqhingini, I-International Geographical Union (IGU)) ihlinzeka ngemininingwane eqhutshwa idatha kanye nezincomo ezinolwazi lomphakathi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphathwa kwemfucuza ezindaweni ezingazodwa ezisogwini.
• Izimbali Ezibulala Izinhlanzi Zasolwandle: Izidalwa Eziyimbangela, Izindlela Ze-Ichthyotoxic, Imithelela kanye Nokunciphisa (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) ibukeza imithelela yenhlalonhle yezomnotho yezimbali ezincane ezibulala izinhlanzi, igqamisa usongo lwazo olukhulu ezilwaneni zasemanzini nasezindaweni ezizungezile zasolwandle, futhi icela ucwaningo oluthuthukisiwe, amasu okunciphisa, nezindlela zokulawula ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kokudla kwasolwandle.
• Izindawo ezinhlanu zokungenelela kwesayensi yezenhlalakahle zezinhlelo zokusimama kolwandle (kulethwe yiKhomishini eziqhingini, IGU) ichaza ukuthi ukuhlanganisa ulwazi lwezenhlalakahle oluvela ezindaweni ezinhlanu ezibalulekile (izimiso zokuziphatha, ukubusa, ukuziphatha komuntu, umthelela, kanye nokubambisana ngokubambisana kwe-co-transdisciplinary) kungaqondisa futhi kuqinise umthelela wezinhlelo zokusimama kolwandle.
• Ukukhuthaza ukuhlukahluka, ukulingana, kanye nokufakwa kusayensi yasolwandle ehlukahlukene (kuthunyelwe yi-IMBeR, ngaphansi SCOR futhi Umhlaba Ozayo) igqamisa ukubaluleka kwesimilo sokushumeka ukwehlukahlukana, ukulingana, kanye nokufakwa ocwaningweni lwasolwandle lwezinhlanga ezahlukene futhi inikeza izincomo eziyishumi zokuqinisa i-DEI ekuthuthukiseni ukusimama kolwandle.
• Imikhiqizo Yedatha Emaphakathi ye-GEOTRACES: Izinsiza Ezicebile Zocwaningo, Imfundo, kanye Nokufinyelela (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) inikeza izinsiza zedatha ezisebenzisanayo, ezisekelwe kuwebhu, okuhlanganisa isici sokulandelela kanye nedatha ye-isotopu nokubonwayo, ukuze kusekelwe ucwaningo, imfundo, nokufinyelela, ngesiqondiso esisebenzayo sokudala izibalo ezilungele ukushicilelwa.
• I-Global Ocean Oxygen Database kanye ne-Atlas Yokuhlola Nokubikezela Ukuphelelwa umoya kanye Nezempilo Yasolwandle Olwandle Oluvulekile Nolwandle. (kulethwe yi-International Ocean Carbon Coordination Project (IOCCP), umsebenzi ohlanganyelwe we SCOR futhi I-Global Ocean Observing System (I-GOOS) idinga umzamo wamazwe ngamazwe odidiyelwe wokuthuthukisa i-GO2DAT, ukufinyelela okuvulekile, okuhambisana ne-FAIR-Compliant Global Ocean Oxygen Database kanye ne-Atlas, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqonda, ukuqapha, nokubikezela ukuchithwa komoya-mpilo olwandle nokweseka impilo yolwandle, inqubomgomo, nokuphathwa okuzinzile.
• I-Heavy metal kanye nephrofayili eqhubekayo yokungcoliswa kwezinto eziphilayo ezivela ezindaweni ezivikelekile zasolwandle: i-northern Persian Gulf (kuthunyelwe yi-IMBeR, ngaphansi SCOR futhi Umhlaba Ozayo) ihlola ukusatshalaliswa, imithombo, kanye nengozi yemvelo yezinsimbi ezisindayo nokungcola kuma-MPA e-Persian Gulf, egqamisa isidingo sokulawula ukungcola okunamandla.
• I-Hypoxia e-Persian Gulf kanye ne-Strait yaseHormuz (kuthunyelwe yi-IMBeR, ngaphansi SCOR futhi Umhlaba Ozayo) ihlola ukuncipha komoyampilo wesizini ePersian Gulf naseStrait of Hormuz.
• Ukuqaliswa kokususwa kwe-CO2 yasolwandle ukuze kuncishiswe isimo sezulu: Izinselelo zokwengeza, ukubikezela, kanye nokuphatha (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) iveza uhlaka lokuhlola izindlela zokususa isikhutha sasolwandle, kugxilwe ekwengezeni kwazo, ukubikezela, kanye nokubusa ukuze zazise amandla azo okufaka isandla ekukhishweni kwe-CO2 eyiziro.
• Izenzo ezihlanganisiwe kuzo zonke izinhloso zentuthuko ezisimeme (SDGs) zingasiza ukubhekana ne-acidification yolwandle (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) iphakamisa ukuthi ukubhekana ne-acidification yasogwini ngokuyihlanganisa Nezinjongo Zokuthuthukiswa Okusimeme (SDGs) kungakhuthaza izenzo eziphumelelayo, zasendaweni kanye nokubambisana ukuze kuzuzwe kokubili okuhlosiwe kwe-SDG nempilo yolwandle ethuthukisiwe.
• Ukuhlanganisa ubukhulu bomuntu ekubikezelweni kwesilinganiso seminyaka yezinhlelo zezenhlalo-zemvelo zasolwandle: ukukhanyisa indawo empunga (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) ihlola izinselele nentuthuko ekubikezelweni kwesilinganiso seminyaka eyinkulungwane, igcizelela isidingo sokuhlanganisa ubukhulu bomuntu ezinhlelweni zokubikezela kanye nokukhiqiza amathuluzi okuhlanganisa ukusekela ukuphathwa nokuphathwa kolwandle okusimeme.
• Izendlalelo Ezingekho: Ukuhlanganisa Amanani Ezenhlalo Nezamasiko Ekuhleleni Indawo Yasolwandle (kuthunyelwe yi-IMBeR, ngaphansi SCOR futhi Umhlaba Ozayo) igqamisa ukubaluleka kokuhlanganisa ukucatshangelwa kwezenhlalo namasiko ku-Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuguquguquka, ukukhuthaza ubulungiswa bendawo ezungezile, nokwenza ngcono ukuthathwa kwezinqumo, ekugcineni kuhlongozwe incazelo ehlanganisa kakhudlwana ye-MSP elinganisa imigomo yezomnotho, yemvelo, nezenhlalo.
• Imodeli Eguquliwe Ye-Stommel-Arons Yokuzungeza Kolwandle Olubi (kuthunyelwe ngu- IRoyal Irish Academy (RIA)) iphrezenta inguqulo eshintshiwe yemodeli ye-Stommel-Arons, icwenga amandla okujikeleza kolwandle olubi ngokuhlanganisa ukuhlukahluka kwezinga lokushisa elincike ekujuleni kanye ne-latitude.
• Abashayeli abaningi besimo sezulu bakhulisa ijubane kanye nemiphumela yokushintsha kwe-ecosystem e-Arctic Coastal Ocean (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) igqamisa isidingo sokugxila kakhulu ezindaweni eziphilayo zasogwini lwase-Arctic ezishintsha ngokushesha, ezihlangabezana nemithelela yesimo sezulu ekhulisiwe engase ibe nomthelela obanzi kukho kokubili imvelo nemiphakathi yabantu.
• Amagesi abamba ukushisa angewona ama-CO2 (N2O, CH4, CO) nolwandle (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) igqamisa isidingo senethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke yokubuka ulwandle ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqonda kwamagesi abamba ukushisa angeyona i-CO2 (i-N2O, i-CH4, ne-CO) kanye nendima yawo kusayensi yolwandle neyesimo sezulu.
• Izimiso zokudla okunomsoco olwandle oluvaleleke kancane: I-Persian Gulf (kuthunyelwe yi-IMBeR, ngaphansi SCOR futhi Umhlaba Ozayo) ihlola ukusatshalaliswa kokugxiliswa komsoco ezindaweni ezahlukene nezinkathi zonyaka futhi ihlonze isakhi esikhawulelayo endaweni.
• I-Ocean acidification inomthelela onamandla emiphakathini ehlala kupulasitiki kuma-mesocosms (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) iveza ukuthi i-acidification yolwandle ishintsha kakhulu imiphakathi ye-prokaryotic kanye ne-eukaryotic emabhodleleni okuphuza okusetshenziswa kanye e-East China Sea, okungenzeka iguqule ukuhamba kwamabhayisikili okunomsoco futhi ithinte amaketanga okudla emanzini angaphansi kwe-eutrophic.
• Amaphethini wekhemikhali ye-carbonate emihlumeni yaseNorthern Persian Gulf (kuthunyelwe yi-IMBeR, ngaphansi SCOR futhi Umhlaba Ozayo) ihlola umthelela wemisebenzi yezimboni kukhemikhali ye-carbonate emihlumeni e-Persian Gulf, inikezela ngedatha ebalulekile yokuqonda ukwenziwa kweasidi yolwandle ogwini.
• Izinsiza zokuqiniswa kwezitshalo zasolwandle iSargassum (zithunyelwe yi-Caribbean Academy of Sciences (CAS)) ziqokomisa izindlela ezintsha zokuphinda zisebenzise ukhula lwasolwandle lwe-Sargassum oluhlaselayo, njengokuluguqula lube i-bioplastic kanye nezixazululo zokuhlanza amanzi ezilungele imvelo, ukunciphisa ukuthembela ezintweni ezisekelwe ezinsalela, ukubhekana nokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki kanye nokuthuthukisa umnotho oyindilinga.
  • Ukukhishwa kwe-alginate kusuka ku-Sargassum yasolwandle esifundeni sase-Caribbean: Ukwenza ngcono kusetshenziswa indlela yokuphendula yendawo
  • Umthelela wezemvelo kanye nokuhlolwa kokungenzeka kwezomnotho kwe-composite calcium alginate bioplastics ethathwe ku-Sargassum
  • Ukukhishwa kwe-Multistage nokuhlanzwa kwemfucuza ye-Sargassum natans ukukhiqiza i-sodium alginate: indlela yokwenza kahle.
  • Ekusebenzeni kwe-Sargassum-derived calcium alginate ion exchange resins ye-Pb2+ adsorption: inqwaba nezicelo zombhede opakishiwe.
  • I-Sargassum ephefumulelwe, izinhlanganisela ze-calcium alginate bioplastic ezilungiselelwe ukupakishwa kokudla
• Umhlabathi Wogu Oluqoqiwe Lolwandle LwaseSiberia LwaseMpumalanga (kuthunyelwe ngu- I-International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS)) ihlola ukwakheka kwama-Thalassosol ogwini loLwandle lwaseSiberia olusempumalanga, ihlinzeka ngemininingwane mayelana nokuguquguquka kwenhlabathi yasogwini.
• Izimpawu zendawo nezesikhashana zekhwalithi yamanzi olwandle endaweni yamanzi olwandle e-Persian Gulf (kuthunyelwe yi-IMBeR, ngaphansi SCOR futhi Umhlaba Ozayo) ihlola izici zekhwalithi yamanzi olwandle kuyo yonke i-Persian Gulf.
• Ukusatshalaliswa kwendawo komsoco kanye ne-chlorophyll ngaphesheya kwePersian Gulf kanye neGulf of Oman (kuthunyelwe yi-IMBeR, ngaphansi SCOR futhi Umhlaba Ozayo) ihlola amaphethini omsoco kanye ne-chlorophyll ePersian Gulf naseGulf of Oman, ichaza izitayela zakamuva zezakhiwo zomzimba namakhemikhali zekholomu yamanzi.
• Ngasohlelweni Oludidiyelwe Lokubheka Imfucumfucu Yasolwandle (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) iveza ukuklanywa Kohlelo Oludidiyelwe Lokubheka Imfucumfucu Yasolwandle (IMDOS), uhlaka lokuqapha lwesikhathi esizayo oluhlanganisa ukuzwa okukude kanye nokubhekwa endaweni ukuze kulandelelwe ukungcola kwepulasitiki yolwandle kanye nokweseka imizamo yokunciphisa.
• Umbono Wokwabelana Ngekhono kuSayensi Yasolwandle (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR), ushicilelo olukhethekile lwangoMashi 2025 lwe-Oceanography, lunikeza umbono womhlaba wonke wokwabelana ngamakhono alinganayo kusayensi yolwandle, ukugqamisa izinhlelo zokusebenzisana, izinhlelo zesifunda, nemizamo yokuqeqesha ehlanganisayo enikeza amandla isizukulwane esilandelayo sochwepheshe bolwandle.
• Umbono wemikhiqizo yedatha ye-FAIR ocean (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) igcizelela isidingo sesistimu yedatha ethuthukisiwe, ehambisana nomshini ukuze kulinganiswe kahle futhi kuqashwe indima yolwandle ekumunceni i-carbon dioxide eyeqile kanye nokunciphisa ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke.
• Ososayensi Abavakashelayo Bahlinzeka Ngokuthuthuka Kwekhono: Izifundo Ezifundwa yi-POGO kanye ne-SCOR (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) igqamisa izinzuzo zokuqeqeshwa kwesayensi yolwandle ezweni ngezinhlelo zososayensi abavakashelayo ze-SCOR kanye ne-POGO, enikeza izifundo zokuqinisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla omhlaba ngaphansi Kweshumi Leminyaka Le-UN Lesayensi Yasolwandle.

Izifinyezo zenqubomgomo nemibiko

• Ingabe ukususwa kwe-carbon dioxide ogwini nolwandle kungasiza ukuvala igebe lokukhishwa kwekhabhoni? Ukucatshangelwa kwesayensi, ezomthetho, ezomnotho, kanye nokubusa (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR), ibhuloho lenqubomgomo, ligqamisa isidingo sokuthuthukiswa okuphuthumayo kwezinhlaka zokuphatha, ucwaningo, kanye nokuqapha ukuze kusetshenziswe ngokuphephile ukususwa kwe-carbon dioxide ogwini nolwandle (mCDR) ukuze kuncishiswe ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu.
• Ukonga ulwandle oluphezulu: Inothi lenqubomgomo (kuthunyelwe ngu- I-Royal Society) yethula ukuvumelana kwesayensi ekuhlonzeni izindawo zezindawo ezivikelwe zasolwandle ngaphansi kweSivumelwano se-UN Biodiversity Beyond Natural Jurisdiction (BBNJ), egcizelela isidingo sokudidiyela kwamasu kanye nokukhetha indawo evumelana nezimo.
• Umbiko weLegacy Plastics (kuthunyelwe ngu- I-Royal Society) yethula ubuchwepheshe nezinye izixazululo ezitholakalayo zokuqeda ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki endaweni yasemanzini, igxile ekusebenzeni kwakho, ukuba nokwenzeka, kanye nomthelela emvelweni.
• Ukuhlola I-Marine Ecosystem ye-Southern Ocean: Isifinyezo Sabenzi Bezinqubomgomo (ithunyelwe ngu isibanda, IMBER, ngaphansi SCOR futhi Umhlaba Ozayo, SOOS) ihlanganisa okutholwe okubalulekile kwendlela ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu okuthinta ngayo imvelo yaseNingizimu ne-Southern Ocean, inikeza iseluleko esisekelwe kwisayensi nezinto eziza kuqala ocwaningweni ukuze ziqondise amasu okongamela nokukhuthazela.
• Ama-Multiple Ocean Stressors: Isifinyezo Sesayensi Sabenzi Bezinqubomgomo (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) inikeza umbono womqondo wezingcindezi eziningi zasolwandle, izilawuli zazo, kanye nemiphumela, okuhloswe ngayo ukusuka ekubukeni okwenziwayo kuye ezixazululweni ezisebenzayo zemithelela yempilo yasolwandle.
• I-Ocean Futures 2030: Isayensi kanye nediplomacy ekubusweni kolwandle - ulwandle lwethu olujwayelekile (ithunyelwe ngu eNyuvesi yaseBergen) inikeza isifinyezo semiphumela yomcimbi we-Ocean Futures 2030 owabanjwa ngoFebhuwari 2024 e-Brussels kanye nezincomo zokuthi isayensi yezokuxhumana ingaba kanjani ithuluzi lokulingana olwandle.
• I-Ocean Observing System: Ikhadi Lombiko lango-2023 (ithunyelwe ngu I-GOOS) kanye nesikhungo sayo sokusebenza i-OceanOPS, inikeza ulwazi mayelana nesimo, amandla kanye nenani le-Global Ocean Observing System. Igqamisa ukubaluleka kwayo kuso sonke isimo sezulu, izinsizakalo zokusebenza, nempilo yasolwandle, kuyilapho ikhombisa inqubekelaphambili, izinselelo, namathuba ekubukeni amanethiwekhi.
• I-Ocean Sound Essential I-Ocean Variable Implementation Plan (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) inikeza isiqondiso sokuhlanganisa ukubonwa kwe-acoustic kukho I-GOOS, okuhloswe ngayo ukulinganisa ukuqoqwa, ukuhlaziywa, nokubikwa kwedatha yomsindo wasolwandle.
• I-Southern Ocean Action Plan yeminyaka eyishumi ye-UN Ocean (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) inikeza umhlahlandlela oqhutshwa umphakathi wokuhlanganisa isayensi, inqubomgomo, kanye nezimboni mayelana nezinto ezibalulekile okwabelwana ngazo ezisekela i-UN Ocean Decade futhi ivikele imvelo eyingqayizivele kanye nokubusa kwe-Southern Ocean.
• Iminyaka Eyishumi Yesayensi Yasolwandle Yentuthuko Esimeme ka-2021-2030: Iworkshop yaseMedithera: Ulwandle LwaseMedithera Silidinga Ngekusasa Esilifunayo (kuthunyelwe ngu- UMkhandlu Kazwelonke Wokucwaninga (CNR), Italy) ihlinzeka ngemibiko nezethulo ezivela emaqenjini asebenzayo mayelana nokungcoliswa kolwandle, ukusimama kwesimiso sezinto eziphilayo kanye nokuphathwa kwezinsiza ezisimeme.
• I-Voices of the Pacific: Inkinga yesimo sezulu, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kanye nokuqina: Lo mbiko wokuhlola isimo sezulu sePacific Ocean kanye nokuhlolwa kwesimo sezulu. (ithunyelwe ngu eNyuvesi yaseNingizimu Pacific (USP)) ihlinzeka ngokuhlaziywa kwemikhakha ehlukene yemithelela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukuzivumelanisa nomphakathi, kanye nokuqanjwa kabusha koMdabu eziqhingini zase-Pacific.

Izibonelo nezinqubo ezihamba phambili

• Imihlahlandlela yocwaningo lwemiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kuma-HAB (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR) inikeza iziqondiso ezingcono kakhulu zokutadisha imithelela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu ezinhlotsheni eziyingozi ze-algal blooms (HABs), okuhloswe ngayo ukulinganisa izindlela zokucwaninga nokukhuthaza ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe ukuze kubhekwane nosongo olukhulayo lwezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini nempilo yabantu.
• Izimo zokusebenzisa idatha ye-Ocean (ithunyelwe ngu I-GOOS) ukubonisa izindaba zempumelelo ezivela emazweni ahlukene nabasebenzisi bedatha yolwandle, okubonisa inani lolwazi oluvela ekuhlolweni okuqhubekayo kolwandle.

Ezinye izinsiza

• I-Global Library Yemisindo Yezinto Eziphilayo Ezingaphansi Kwamanzi (i-GLUBS): I-Online Platform ene-Multiple Passive Acoustic Monitoring Applications (ithunyelwe ngu SCOR), inkundla yokufinyelela evulekile, esekelwe kuwebhu ehlongozwe iqembu elisebenzayo le-GLUBS ihlose ukuhlanganisa nokwandisa izinsiza zokuqapha i-acoustic, ukuthuthukisa ukumisa nokwandisa ulwazi lwesayensi nomphakathi lwemisindo engaphansi kwamanzi.
• The I-BioEcoOcean Podcast, yethulwe ngu I-GOOS, igqamisa indlela okubhekwa ngayo izinto eziphilayo zasolwandle kuyithuthukisa kanjani isayensi yolwandle nokusimama.
• I-INTIMATE (kuthunyelwe ngu- I-International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA)) umphakathi wamazwe omhlaba wezazi ze-paleeoclimatologists ezihlanganisa amarekhodi eqhwa, olwandle, nomhlaba ukuze uqonde izinguquko zesimo sezulu ezisheshayo.
• I-ONSEA (ithunyelwe ngu INQUA) umphakathi oxubile ophenya ngokuvela kwe-geomorphological kanye nokuhlala kwabantu ezindaweni ezisogwini ngesikhathi seHolocene.
• PALSEA_okulandelayo (ithunyelwe ngu INQUA) ihlanganisa ndawonye ososayensi bendawo kanye nabavubukuli ukuze bathuthukise ukuqonda kwethu izinguquko ezidlule ezingeni lolwandle kanye nokuguquguquka kweshidi leqhwa, ukwazisa izibikezelo zokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwesikhathi esizayo.
• Inyuvesi yaseBergen ihola izinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ucwaningo lwasolwandle, ukusebenzisana, kanye nokwakhiwa kwamandla okuthuthukiswa kolwandle okusimeme kanye nenqubomgomo.
  • Uhlelo lwe-Norway-Pacific Ocean-Climate Scholarship Program (I-N-POC) ixhasa ngemali imifundaze ye-PhD ukuze kuthuthukiswe ucwaningo lwezimo zezulu nolwandle kanye nokuqinisa ukusebenzisana kwezemfundo yaseNorway-Pacific.
  • Ocean: Inyuvesi yaseBergen inyuvesi yasolwandle enkulu kunazo zonke e-Norway, enemfundo yasolwandle esezingeni eliphezulu kanye nezimo zocwaningo ezisezingeni lomhlaba. I-UiB ibambe iqhaza eliphambili emsebenzini weNhloso Yentuthuko Esimeme ye-14 ye-UN – Ukuphila ngaphansi kwamanzi.
  • I-Ocean Futures 2030 ixhuma ososayensi, amanxusa, kanye nababambiqhaza ababalulekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuthuthukiswa kolwandle okusimeme.
  • Ukubumba Abaholi Bocwaningo BaseYurophu Bokusimama Olwandle (SEAS) wuhlelo lokuhlangana kwemisebenzi nokuhamba, olusekela abacwaningi be-postdoctoral ekusimameni olwandle. Ibhekana nezinselele zasolwandle zomhlaba wonke ngokuhlanganisa imibono eyahlukene emikhakheni nemikhakha eyahlukene.