I-International Cartographic Association (ICA)

I-International Cartographic Association (ICA) iyinhlangano evelele yamazwe ngamazwe ye-Cartography and Geographic Information (GI) Science. Isihloko sayo esiyinhloko esikhathazayo i-Cartography, isiyalo esiphathelene nokukhulelwa, ukukhiqizwa, ukusabalalisa nokufundwa kwamamephu. Umgomo wayo ukukhuthaza isiyalo kanye nobungcweti be-Cartography esimweni samazwe ngamazwe. Kusukela yasungulwa ngo-1959, i-ICA ​​isebenze nezinhlangano zikahulumeni kazwelonke nezamazwe ngamazwe nezohwebo, kanye neminye imiphakathi yamazwe ngamazwe, ukufeza izinhloso zayo. Inezixhumanisi eziqinile kuma-ejensi kazwelonke wemephu akha futhi asabalalise amamephu we-topographic, thematic, cadastral kanye ne-hydrographic, amashadi kanye nedatha yedijithali emhlabeni wonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isebenza nabashicileli bemephu yezohwebo abahamba phambili, abathuthukisi besoftware yezinhlelo ze-GI, kanye nezinhlelo zamazwe ngamazwe zokulondoloza idatha. I-ICA inamalungu kazwelonke angama-83, kanye namalungu angama-26.

I-ICA isungule uhlelo locwaningo lwesayensi, olubhekelele izindawo ezimbalwa: Ulwazi Lwendawo; Imethadatha kanye nama-SDI; Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Geospatial kanye Nokumodela; Ukusebenziseka; I-Geovisualization kanye ne-Visual Analytics; Ukukhiqizwa Kwemephu; Ithiyori ye-Cartographic; Umlando we-Cartography kanye ne-GI Science; Imfundo; Umphakathi. Lolu hlelo lwenziwa ngamaKhomishini angama-22 kanye namaQembu Okusebenza ayi-6 abamba izithangami njalo futhi ashicilele izincwadi nezindaba ezikhethekile zamajenali ukuze akhulise ucwaningo nezindawo zawo zokuthuthukisa.

I-ICA ihlela iziNgqungquthela Zamazwe Ngamazwe Ngamazwe Ngamazwe Ngama-Cartographic zeminyaka emibili (2007 Moscow; 2009 Santiago Chile; 2011 Paris). Imifundaze iyatholakala kubadwebi bamabalazwe abasebasha ukuze basize ukuba khona emihlanganweni ebaluleke kangaka, futhi i-ICA ​​ibuye ibone ukuvelela emkhakheni we-Cartography ngokusebenzisa Imiklomelo.

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