Indlela yombono wokushintsha ukuthuthukisa i-ajenda yentuthuko esimeme yangemva kuka-2030

Njengomxhumanisi weqembu elikhulu leSayensi kanye nobuchwepheshe eNhlanganweni Yezizwe, i-ISC ikhuthaza futhi ihlanganyele engxoxweni yokuthi isayensi ingakusekela kanjani ukufezwa kwentuthuko esimeme.

Lena inguqulo yombhali yomsebenzi. Ithunyelwe lapha ngemvume ye- I-American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ukuze kusetshenziswe umuntu siqu, hhayi ukuze kusatshalaliswe kabusha. Inguqulo eqondile yanyatheliswa ngo- Isayensi ngomhlaka-15 Januwari 2026, i-DOI: 10.1126/science.adz5704.

Njengoba isikhathi sokugcina sika-2030 seMigomo Yentuthuko Eqhubekayo (SDGs) sisondela futhi inqubekela phambili isalokhu ilinganiselwe, abacwaningi baphakamisa izindlela zokuthuthukisa uhlelo olulandelayo, olungemva kuka-2030, lokuthuthukisa ukuqaliswa (1-3). Njengoba kuneziphakamiso ezengeziwe ezilindelwe esikhathini esizayo, siphikisana ngendlela ehlelekile yokusiza abacwaningi nabenzi bezinqubomgomo ukuthi baziklame futhi bazihlole. Lokhu kudinga umbono woshintsho ochaza ukuthi iziphakamiso zizothuthukisa kanjani futhi kungani ukuqaliswa kohlelo olulandelayo, kuyilapho futhi sicabangela ukwenzeka kwazo kwezepolitiki. Siqala ngokwakha umbono ongabonakali woshintsho osekela i-Ajenda yamanje ka-2030 ukuze sibukeze ukuthi ama-SDG ayehloselwe ukusebenza kanjani futhi sithole impumelelo kanye nokwehluleka okubalulekile. Sibe sesiphakamisa indlela yokuhlola iziphakamiso ezibekwe phambili zokuthuthukisa uhlelo lwangemva kuka-2030 ngokusekelwe emthonjeni wazo kanye nokungenzeka kwazo.

Ukwamukelwa kwe-Ajenda ka-2030 kanye nama-SDG ngo-2015 njengomhlahlandlela womhlaba wonke wokuqeda ubumpofu, ukunciphisa ukungalingani, kanye nokuvikela imvelo kwaba yimpumelelo enkulu. Ama-SDG kusukela ngaleso sikhathi aphumelele njengoba amazwe amaningi namadolobha amaningi ebeke imigomo endaweni, eqapha futhi ebika inqubekela phambili, futhi esebenza ngokuqhubekayo ekufezeni impumelelo yawo. Amabhizinisi amaningi avumelane nama-SDG kanye nezinhlangano zomphakathi azivumile. Izinhlaka zomhlaba wonke ezifana nama-SDG zinganikeza futhi ubuqiniso, okulindelwe okwabiwe kanye nolimi olufanayo, zisekele ukuxhumanisa, ukufunda kanye nokuqhathanisa kuzo zonke izimo, futhi zikhuthaze ukwabiwa kwezinsiza kanye nesenzo esidingekayo kuwo wonke amazwe ukubhekana nezinselele zomhlaba wonke.

Nokho, eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, akukho ukuphikisana ngokuthi ama-SDG awazange asebenze kahle njengoba ayehlosiwe ekushayeleni ushintsho. Isibonelo, imigomo ayizange ishintshe kakhulu izikhungo, izinqubomgomo, noma ukugeleza kwezinsiza (4) futhi ngaphansi kwama-20% emigomo isesendleleni yokufezwa ngo-2030 (5). Kunezici ezinkulu ezinciphisa intuthuko (isib. i-COVID-19, izingxabano zobudlova emhlabeni jikelele), kodwa lezi zodwa azikwazi ukuchaza intuthuko elinganiselwe.

Umphakathi wocwaningo ukulungele ukuzindla ngokujulile ngalokho okusebenze kanye nalokho okungasebenzanga ne-Ajenda yamanje futhi unikeze iziphakamiso ezingathuthukisa ukwakheka kwanoma yiluphi uhlaka lwangemva kuka-2030. Njengoba kwakunjalo ngokwakhiwa kwama-SDG, iziphakamiso ze-ajenda yangemva kuka-2030 zingazisa izingxoxo ezizayo eziholwa nguhulumeni ngohlaka lwangemva kuka-2030 okulindeleke ukuthi luqale kusukela ngo-2027. Nakuba beqaphela ukushiyeka kwama-SDG amanje, iziphakamiso ezisebenzayo zenziwe ngabacwaningi zokwandisa isikhathi sama-SDG (isb. kuya ku-2045 noma ku-2050) (1) kanye nezinketho ezahlukene zokuqinisa uhlaka lwangemva kuka-2030 ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqaliswa. Lokhu kuyaqinisekiswa ngenxa yendima enomthelela yesayensi ekwakheni ama-SDG (6, 7) kanye nesisekelo sobufakazi obuqinile esitholakala manje ekuguqulweni okudingekayo ukuze kufezwe (8). Iziphakamiso zakamuva zifaka phakathi izinyathelo ezingafakwa ohlakeni lwangemva kuka-2030 ukuze kuhlanganiswe kangcono uxhaso lwezimali oluvela kumabhange entuthuko kanye nezimali zamazwe ngamazwe nanoma yimiphi imigomo yesikhathi esizayo (1, 2), kuqiniswe ukubusa komhlaba wonke kanye nokuziphendulela (isb., iKhomishini Yentuthuko Eqhubekayo ye-UN 53) (2), kuphakanyiswe indima yamadolobha namabhizinisi (3), kwandiswe izinqubomgomo nezikhungo zikazwelonke (isb., amakomidi kazwelonke, imisebenzi, kanye nezinhlelo zokusheshisa) (1), noma kwakhiwe imigomo emisha yezinkinga ezivelayo (isb. ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI), ukuchitheka kwamazwe ngamazwe, njll.) (1, 3).

Njengoba kuneziphakamiso eziningi ezengeziwe zokuthuthukisa noma ukuguqula uhlaka lwangemva kuka-2030 olulindeleke eminyakeni ezayo, inselele evelayo yabenzi bezinqubomgomo, abaxoxisanayo, kanye nomphakathi wabacwaningi kuzoba ukuhlonza lezo ziphakamiso ezinamandla amakhulu okuthuthukisa ukuqaliswa. Lokhu kudinga ukuxilongwa okucacile kokuthi isiphakamiso ngasinye singasheshisa kanjani intuthuko eya entuthukweni esimeme - ngamanye amazwi, 'inkolelo-mbono yoshintsho' ecacile echaza ukuthi izosebenza kanjani nokuthi kungani izosebenza kahle ekunqobeni izithiyo eziye zaphazamisa intuthuko kuze kube manje.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele futhi siqaphele ukuthi iziphakamiso zizodinga ukuvumelana kwezepolitiki ukuze zamukelwe kunoma yiluphi uhlaka lwesikhathi esizayo. Ukwamukelwa ngazwi linye kwama-SDG ngo-2015 kwakungenxa yokuthi ayengeyona imithetho yenqubomgomo. Iziphakamiso eziqondile kakhulu zivame ukuba nokungavumelani, ngokuvamile zibhekwa njengezingenangqondo, ezibizayo, futhi ezingathandeki kwezepolitiki. Umongo wezepolitiki namuhla unzima nakakhulu, ukwakheka kokwahlukana ngaphakathi naphakathi kwezizwe, ukwanda kobushiqela, ukungalingani okubi kanye nezinkinga zemvelo, ukwanda kolwazi olungelona iqiniso, kanye nokubhebhetheka kwezingxabano zezepolitiki. Lezi zici zizothonya ukuthi iziphakamiso ezahlukene zingenzeka yini kwezepolitiki nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Ngakho-ke sithi indlela ehlelekile iyadingeka ukusiza ekuklameni nasekuhloleni umthelela kanye nokusebenziseka kweziphakamiso zokuthuthukisa uhlelo lwe-ajenda yangemva kuka-2030. Indlela enjalo idinga ukusekelwa embonweni ocacile nosebenzayo woshintsho ochaza ukuthi iziphakamiso zizosheshisa kanjani futhi kungani zizosheshisa ukuqaliswa kohlaka lwe-ajenda yangemva kuka-2030. Ukuze sithuthukise noma yimuphi umbono woshintsho ukuze usekele uhlelo lwe-ajenda yangemva kuka-2030, sidinga ukubuyela ezicabangweni eziyisisekelo ze-ajenda yango-2030 mayelana nokuthi ama-SDG ayehloselwe ukusebenza kanjani futhi ahlole ukuthi ukuqaliswa kuphumelele noma kwehluleka kuphi nokuthi kungani.

Ukusungula nokusebenzisa iTheory of Change

Kube nokugxekwa okuningi kwama-SDG eminyakeni eyishumi edlule okuye kwaveza ukushiyeka okuningi kanye nezincomo zokuthuthukisa imigomo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuye kwadlula udaba olubaluleke kakhulu - ukuthi ama-SDG asekelwe ekucabangeni okunephutha noma okuntuleka kokuthi ukubeka imigomo kuzoqhuba kanjani isenzo futhi akunawo umbono ocacile woshintsho (9). Kodwa-ke, sithi kungenzeka ukuthola umbono ongacacile woshintsho ku-Ajenda ka-2030, ovezwe ekubhekiseleni kokuthi ama-SDG azosetshenziswa kanjani ukuqondisa izinguquko. Ngokuhlaziywa kokuqukethwe kwe-Ajenda ka-2030, sithole lezi zinkomba noma 'izinkolelo' ezithile mayelana nokuthi i-Ajenda yayihloselwe ukuqaliswa kanjani futhi sazihlanganisa ngezihloko ezine eziyinhloko: (i) Ukubeka imigomo yomhlaba wonke kanye nokuguqulwa; (i) Abalingisi kanye nokwakheka kwendawo; (iii) Ukubuyekezwa; kanye (iv) Izindlela zokusetshenziswa (bheka izinto ezengeziwe kanye neThebula S1). Sabe sesidweba lezi zinkolelo ukuze sakhe uhlaka lwenqubo yoshintsho olucatshangelwe ku-Ajenda ka-2030 - lokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'umbono ongacacile woshintsho' (bheka isithombe).

Umbono oyinhloko otholakale ku-Ajenda ka-2030 ukuthi ukwamukelwa kwe-SDG emhlabeni wonke kuzoholela amazwe ekubekeni imigomo kazwelonke futhi ayifake emasu kazwelonke asekelwa yizinhlaka zezimali. Lokhu kuzohlanganisa abalingisi kanye nezinsiza ukuze kufezwe ama-SDG futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuguqulwe umhlaba wethu. Izinqubo zokuqapha nokubuyekeza zikazwelonke ziqinisekisa ukuthi amasu asekelwe yidatha nobufakazi futhi aguqulwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukubuyekezwa komhlaba wonke nge-UN High-Level Political Forum (HLPF) kukhuthaza ukucaca kanye nokuziphendulela. Ukubusa okuhle kanye nezindlela zokusebenzisa njengokwakha amandla, ukuhambisana kwenqubomgomo, ezezimali, ezohwebo, kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kusekela lezi zinqubo (bheka Ithebula S1).

Uhlaka olusesithombeni luveza iziqalo ezibalulekile njengezinto ezixhumene esizisebenzise ukuhlonza ngokuhlelekile ezinye zempumelelo kanye nokushiyeka kokusetshenziswa kwe-SDGs kuze kube manje nokucacisa ukuthi imigomo yayihloselwe kanjani ukushayela ushintsho. Ngenkathi uhlaka lukhawulelwe eziqagelweni ezivela ku-Ajenda ka-2030, lubonisa ukuthi ukuchazwa okucacile kwethiyori yoshintsho kusekela kanjani ukuhlonza kokuqala ukwehluleka kokusetshenziswa kanye nezithiyo ezingaba khona lapho intuthuko imile khona. Luphinde lunikeze indawo yokuqala nethuba lokuthuthukisa ithiyori yoshintsho ecacile nephumelelayo kakhulu yohlaka lwangemva kuka-2030 olukhomba amathuba okusheshisa intuthuko eya ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme.

Kusukela ekwamukelweni kwemigomo, inqubo ephakathi ihilela ukwenziwa kwendawo kwama-SDG kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezinsizakusebenza kanye nabalingisi ukuze kufezwe imigomo futhi kuguqulwe umhlaba. Imifudlana emibili eyengeziwe isekela inqubo ephakathi ngokunikeza izindlela zokusebenzisa kanye nedatha kanye nokubuyekeza impendulo ukuze kuqondiswe ukusetshenziswa kanye nokwandisa ukuziphendulela. Intuthuko ezintweni ezingenhla isekela ngokwemvelo izinto ezingezansi.

Ama-SDG abe nempumelelo ephawulekayo (12, 13). Le migomo isemthethweni futhi yamukelwa yiwo wonke amazwe, isungula incazelo yomhlaba wonke evunyelwene ngayo kanye nesiqondiso sentuthuko esimeme futhi iyindlela entsha yokubusa ngemigomo (Isithombe 1, '1+'). Amanye amazwe abeke imigomo ye-SDG endaweni yakini ibe amasu kazwelonke futhi enza izinguquko zezikhungo ukuze kuhlanganiswe ukuqaliswa (isib. i-Indonesia, i-Colombia, i-Finland, i-Nepal, ne-Egypt) ('2+'). Ohulumeni baxoxisane kabanzi nababambiqhaza ekwenzeni i-SDG ibe yindawo yakini nasekusebenziseni i-SDG ('3+'), okuhlanganisa nokubuyekezwa kweZwelonke okuzithandela (ama-VNR) cishe wonke amazwe athumele ('4+'). Ukubuyekezwa Kwendawo Okuzithandela (ama-VLR) nakho kuthole ukuthandwa, okubonisa ubunikazi phakathi kwabalingisi bendawo. Kukhona uhlaka oluqinile lwezinkomba kanye nedatha etholakalayo yokuqapha ('4+'), futhi ukwakhiwa kwamandla kuthuthukise amakhono kazwelonke ezibalo ('5+'). Kube nokunakwa okwengeziwe esimweni esihlanganisiwe sama-SDG kanye nokusebenzisana kwawo kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwenqubomgomo kanye nokuhambisana ('6+').

Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuphinde kwaba nokushiyeka okuningi (4, 14). Uhlaka olubanzi noluyinkimbinkimbi lwemigomo luye lwaba nzima ukuyisebenzisa futhi lunezinto ezingekho (isb. i-AI, isiko, ukuchitheka kwamazwe ngamazwe) (Isithombe 1, '1-'). Ngenxa yobuholi obulinganiselwe bezwe obuvela ezinhloko zezifundazwe kanye neminyango ephakathi, amanye amazwe awakakazibeki imigomo yezwe noma athuthukise amasu (isb., i-Australia, i-USA, i-UK) kanti amanye aqede imizamo yangaphambilini (isb., iSweden, i-Argentina) ('2-'). Lapho amasu ethuthukiswe amazwe amaningi awazange ahlanganise abalingisi ngokwanele, ngokwengxenye ngoba i-Ajenda ka-2030 ayinazo izisusa zabadlali abangaphandle kukahulumeni zokuzibandakanya ekusetshenzisweni (kufaka phakathi labo abangase bamelane nezinqubomgomo ze-SDG) ('3-'). Akukho sibopho kohulumeni sokubuyekeza inqubekela phambili, futhi ama-VNR abe phezulu futhi awanazo iziqiniseko ('4-'). Ezingeni lomhlaba wonke, i-HLPF yaklanywa njengendlela yokushintshana kontanga futhi ayikwazanga ukubamba ohulumeni noma abanye ukuthi baphendule ngokusetshenziswa ('5-'). Ukwanda kokunikezwa kobufakazi akuzange kuguqule ngokushesha kube izinqumo ezingcono njengoba lokhu kudinga amakhono okusebenzisa ubufakazi ezinqubweni zenqubomgomo ezibunjwe amaqiniso nezintshisekelo zezepolitiki ('6-'). Amasu kahulumeni awazange abeke phambili kanye nokuhlolwa okuhlelekile kokuguqulwa okudingekayo ukuze kufezwe imigomo kanye nezithiyo zokuqaliswa kanye nezinketho zokuzinqoba ('7-'). Amasu awazange adale indawo ephumelelayo evumelayo yokuhlanganisa abalingisi kanye nezinsiza, futhi kukhona ukuntuleka kwesivumelwano somhlaba wonke mayelana nezimali, ubuchwepheshe, kanye nezinhlinzeko zamandla ('8-'). Ukunganakwa okwanele kunikezwe ezindaweni zokubusa zokuguqulwa kwezinhlelo zezepolitiki ezahlukahlukene ('9-') kanye nokuthi 'yini' nokuthi 'kanjani' kokuguqulwa kwezinhlelo ukuze kufezwe ama-SDG ('10-').

Ukuhlola inkolelo-mbono engacacile yoshintsho kulesi sibalo kugqamisa ezinye izindawo ezibalulekile lapho ukucabanga okuyisisekelo okusekela i-Ajenda ka-2030 kuye kwaphumelela noma kwahluleka khona ngokusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kweminyaka eyishumi edlule. Inkinga ebalulekile ihlobene nokucabanga okuyinhloko mayelana nokuqaliswa kanye nokugqugquzelwa kwesenzo yibo bonke abathintekayo kanye nezinsiza ezitholakalayo ekugcineni okuholela ekuguqulweni. Ngenkathi ukwamukelwa kwamasu kazwelonke kanye nokubambisana komhlaba wonke kucatshangwa ukuthi kuqhuba lezi zinqubo, lokhu akuzange kwenzeke ngokusebenzayo. Kunezinto ezimbalwa ezicacile ku-Ajenda ka-2030 mayelana nokuguqulwa okubalulekile kwezwe, izinhlobo ezidingekayo kanye nokulandelana kwenqubomgomo, ezezimali, amakhono kanye nobuchwepheshe, noma izilungiselelo zokubusa ezidingekayo ukuze kuhambe izinqubo zokuguqulwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucabanga ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwenzeka njengesinyathelo sokugcina enkambisweni yokushintsha kuphela ngemva kokufezwa kwe-SDGs kuphikisana nezincwadi zocwaningo (8, 11), okugcizelela ukuthi ukuguqulwa kuyadingeka ngaphambi kokuba imigomo ifinyelelwe.

Ukuxoxisana nge-ajenda yangemva kuka-2030 kunikeza ithuba lokuthuthukisa inkolelo-mbono ethuthukisiwe yoshintsho eveza leli 'bhokisi elimnyama' lokusetshenziswa kanye nokuguqulwa. Lokhu kungazuza ekuqondeni okuthuthukisiwe kokuthi ukubeka imigomo kungakhuthaza kanjani ukuqaliswa ngabalingisi ababalulekile futhi kuqhube izinguquko ezidingekayo ukuze kufezwe ama-SDG. Kuzodinga futhi ukunikeza ukucaca okukhulu ngezidingo zokusetshenziswa, okuhlanganisa nokuhlonza izithiyo ezivamile kanye nezithiyo zokuguqulwa kanye nokuchaza ukuthi zizonqotshwa kanjani nokuthi yibaphi abalingisi. Inkolelo-mbono engacacile yoshintsho evezwe esithombeni inikeza indawo ewusizo yokuqala umzamo onjalo.

Indlela yokuhlola iziphakamiso

Ukuthatha indlela yethiyori yokushintsha kunezinzuzo eziningi ezisebenzayo zokuklama nokuhlola umthelela weziphakamiso ze-ajenda yangemva kuka-2030. Okokuqala, kubonisa ukuthi iziphakamiso ezinikeza 'okufanayo' cishe azinakuba nomthelela ekuthuthukiseni intuthuko eya kuma-SDG. Isibonelo, iziphakamiso zemigomo emisha kanye nemigomo cishe zizobhekana nezinselele ezifanayo zokuqaliswa ezibhekene nohlaka lwamanje. Zizophinde zandise ububanzi kanye nobunzima be-SDG ezigxekwe njengeziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuba zisetshenziswe.

Ukucacisa inkolelo-mbono yoshintsho kunikeza indlela yokuchaza ngokucacile nokuhlola umqondo ongemuva kweziphakamiso ezifuna ukuthuthukisa ukuqaliswa kwentuthuko esimeme ohlakeni lwangemva kuka-2030. Isibonelo, iziphakamiso zokuthuthukisa ukubusa komhlaba wonke ngokufaka esikhundleni se-HLPF indikimba enegunya elikhulu (isib. iKhomishini Yentuthuko Eqhubekayo ye-UN) kungandisa ukuzibophezela kwamazwe ku-UN okungase kukhuthaze ukuqaliswa okuthuthukisiwe kohulumeni bamazwe. Kodwa-ke, ngeke kukhuthaze ukuqaliswa kwabanye abalingisi (isib. amabhizinisi, abathengi, abaxhumanisi, njll.) abadlala indima ebalulekile ekuguqulweni. Ngaphandle kwalokho, iziphakamiso zokuvumelanisa kangcono ukuxhaswa ngezimali okuvela emabhange okuthuthukiswa kwamazwe amaningi nama-SDG noma ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwama-SDG nezivumelwano nezimali ze-UN ezikhona (isib. i-UNFCCC kanye ne-Green Climate Fund) kunganikeza izinsiza zezimali emazweni asathuthuka ukuze asebenzise amasu awo okuthuthukiswa. Kodwa-ke, ukuxhaswa okwengeziwe okuvela kule mithombo kungase kube yinto encane uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho okudingekayo ukuze kufezwe ama-SDG, futhi iziphakamiso ezinjalo azibheki ukuqondiswa okuyisisekelo kokugeleza kwezimali kusuka ekungazinzile kuya ekuthuthukisweni okusimeme njengoba kudingeka ekuguqulweni. Ngakho-ke, nakuba iziphakamiso ezahlukene zizoba wusizo ekubhekaneni nezinselele zokusetshenziswa, kusalokhu kungacaci ukuthi zizokuthuthukisa kanjani futhi kungani ukwenziwa kwazo ngendlela esheshisa izinguquko kanye nenqubekela phambili eya kuma-SDG. Ukuthatha indlela yethiyori yokushintsha kusiza ukuchaza lo mqondo nokuhlola umthelela oqhathaniswayo nohlanganisiwe weziphakamiso ezahlukene.

Ngaphezu komthelela wazo, esinye isici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe lapho kuhlolwa iziphakamiso ezahlukene zohlaka lwangemva kuka-2030 ukuthi kungenzeka yini kwezepolitiki. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu njengoba izingxoxo zangemva kuka-2030 zizokwenzeka endaweni yezepolitiki eguquguqukayo neqhekekile uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi lapho kwamukelwa khona ama-SDG. Isibonelo, iziphakamiso zokuvula izingxoxo ngezinhloso ezintsha kanye nemigomo cishe zizoholela ekungavumelanini kwezepolitiki kanye nengozi yokubuyela emuva kuma-SDG anqotshwe kanzima ohlakeni olukhona. Iziphakamiso zokushintsha ukwakheka kwe-UN ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuzibophezela nazo cishe zizobhekana nezingqinamba ezinkulu zezepolitiki enkathini yokuncipha kokubambisana kwamazwe amaningi kanye nokumelana nohulumeni wezwe ekuqaphelweni okukhulu kwe-UN. Iziphakamiso zokuvumelanisa kangcono izivumelwano ze-UN ezikhona kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamazwe amaningi nama-SDG kuzobonakala sengathi zibhekene nezingqinamba ezimbalwa zezepolitiki, kodwa umthelela wazo ungase ulinganiselwe.

Njengoba kuneziphakamiso eziningi ezengeziwe ze-ajenda yangemva kuka-2030 ezilindelwe eminyakeni ezayo, lokhu kuhlolwa okubili komthelela kanye nokwenzeka kunikeza indlela enembile esekelwe kumbono woshintsho kokubili ekuklanyweni nasekuhlolweni kweziphakamiso. Lokhu kuhlolwa okubili kungasiza ekuboneni nasekubekeni phambili iziphakamiso okungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi zibe nomthelela futhi zisebenzeke ngendlela efanele, futhi kugwenywe lezo ezingenakwenzeka futhi ezingase zibe nomthelela omncane. Ukuhlola umthelela weziphakamiso kungenziwa ngokubukeza ubudlelwano bazo nombono woshintsho nokuchaza ukuthi zizothuthukisa kanjani futhi kungani zizokwenza ngcono ukusetshenziswa, abalingisi abathintekayo, izithiyo ababhekene nazo, nokuthi lezi zizonqotshwa kanjani. Njengoba lokhu kuzoncika ekubalukeni kwemibono eyisisekelo mayelana nenqubo yoshintsho, kuzobaluleka ukuqhubekela phambili kumbono wethu ongacacile woshintsho. Lapha, umphakathi wocwaningo ungadlala indima ebalulekile ngokusebenzisa izifundo ezivela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-SDG kanye nokuzindla okubucayi kanye nokubuyekezwa kwemibono eyisisekelo. Ukuhlola ukuthi iziphakamiso zingenzeka yini kwezepolitiki kungenziwa ngokucabangela izici ezifana nezindleko, izinga lokunikezwa kwenqubomgomo, nokuthi ngabe ziyavumelana yini kwezepolitiki (isib. ezivela emabhulokini abalulekile okuxoxisana njenge-European Union, "Iqembu Lamazwe angu-77" e-UN naseShayina, i-African Group, njll.), kuqashelwa ukuthi isimo sezepolitiki siyashintshashintsha futhi singashintsha ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenziseka kweziphakamiso kunganda noma kwehle ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba siqhubekela phambili ngo-2030. Ngakho-ke indlela kufanele ihlale ivumelana nokufunda okusha njengoba kuvela ocwaningweni nanjengoba isimo sezepolitiki sishintsha.

Izingxoxo nge-ajenda yangemva kuka-2030 zihlelelwe ukuqala ngo-2027 futhi zinikeze ithuba leziphakamiso ezivela emphakathini wesayensi lokuklama uhlaka olusebenza kahle kakhulu lokuthuthukisa ukuqaliswa kokusetshenziswa komongo wangemva kuka-2030. Njengoba iziphakamiso sezivele zivela futhi kulindeleke ezinye eziningi eminyakeni ezayo, indlela yombono wokushintsha echazwe kuleli phepha inikeza indlela yokuchaza ngokucacile nokuhlola ukuthi kungani iziphakamiso ezahlukene zizothuthukisa ukuqaliswa kokusetshenziswa ngenkathi futhi zicabangela ukuthi kungenzeka yini kwezepolitiki. Kodwa-ke, uma sibheka ukushiyeka ekucabangeni okuyisisekelo kwe-Ajenda ka-2030, sithi kufanele kuthuthukiswe umbono woshintsho ocacile noqinile ukuze kusekelwe i-ajenda yentuthuko yomhlaba wonke yangemva kuka-2030. Umphakathi wocwaningo usendaweni efanele yokusiza ngalo msebenzi. Siyavuma ukuthi umbono woshintsho oqinile ngeke uxazulule zonke izinselele zokuqaliswa kokusetshenziswa okuyinkimbinkimbi. Kodwa-ke, uzohlinzeka ngesisekelo esiqinile lapho abenzi bomphakathi bangaqhuba khona ukuqaliswa kokusetshenziswa phansi.

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Ukuvuma

(1) I-Monash Sustainable Development Institute, eMelbourne, e-Australia. (2) I-Stockholm Environment Institute, eStockholm, eSweden. (3) I-Millennium Institute, eWashington DC, e-USA. (4) Isikole Senqubomgomo Yomphakathi, I-Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD), eNew Delhi, eNdiya. (5) UMnyango Wezesayensi Yezenhlalo Nenqubomgomo, Inyuvesi yaseBath, eBath, e-UK. (6) Isikhungo Socwaningo Lwezamandla Nokusimama, Inyuvesi yaseGroningen, eGroningen, eNetherlands. (7) I-Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Inyuvesi yase-Utrecht, e-Utrecht, eNetherlands. (8) I-International Science Council, eParis, eFrance. (9) I-German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), eBonn, eJalimane. (10) I-UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network, eParis, eFrance. (11) I-Southern Voice, eQuito, e-Ecuador. (12) I-Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, eHayama, eJapan. (13) Impilo Yomphakathi e-Indonesia, Inyuvesi yaseMonash e-Indonesia, Idolobha lase-BSD, e-Indonesia. (14) I-Urban Design Indonesia, Inyuvesi yaseMonash e-Indonesia, Idolobha lase-BSD, e-Indonesia, Isikole Sebhizinisi saseMalaysia. (15) I-Monash University yaseMalaysia, eKuala Lumpur, eMalaysia. (16) Isikole Sikahulumeni, iBeijing Normal University, eBeijing, eShayina. (17) I-Potsdam Institute of Climate Impact Research, eJalimane. I-imeyili: [i-imeyili ivikelwe].

Umfanekiso 1. 'Umbono Woshintsho' ocacile. Uhlaka lwezinkolelo mayelana nenqubo yoshintsho ecatshangelwe ku-Ajenda ka-2030 maqondana no-1. Ukubeka imigomo yomhlaba wonke kanye nokuguqulwa (ophuzi); 2. Abalingisi kanye nokwakheka kwendawo (oluhlaza okotshani); 3. Ukubuyekezwa (oluhlaza okotshani); kanye no-4. Izindlela zokusebenzisa (opinki). Izinombolo eziluhlaza okotshani (ezinophawu '+') zimelela impumelelo kanye nezinombolo ezibomvu (ezinophawu '-') zimelela ukushiyeka.

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