Mayelana umbhali:
URocio Gaudioso Pedraza UnguMphathi Wokuzibandakanya Komphakathi eCrossref. Njengoba enolwazi ngokuthuthukiswa kwenqubomgomo yesayensi kanye nokuhlaziywa kwayo, usebenzisana nomphakathi wabaxhasi beCrossref ukuze aqaphele amandla e-metadata yokuxhaswa ngemali okuvulekile ukusiza ukuhlangabezana nezibopho ze-Open Science.
Umphakathi wocwaningo ubhekene noshintsho endleleni abacwaningi kanye neminikelo yabo ehlolwa ngayo. Imizamo efana nale UDORA, I-CoARA, Kanye Leiden Manifesto zikhuthaza izikhungo ukuthi zibheke imisebenzi yocwaningo ngendlela ephelele. Kodwa ukuhumusha lezi zimiso zibe yinto edingekayo kudinga into evame ukunganakwa: ingqalasizinda eqinile ye-metadata.
Ushintsho lwamasiko oludingekayo ukuze kulungiswe ukuhlolwa kocwaningo cishe luyisici esiyinselele kakhulu salolu shintsho. Njengoba umphakathi uphokophela ekwaziseni uhla olubanzi lwemiphumela efana namasethi edatha, isofthiwe, imibiko yenqubomgomo noma ukubuyekezwa kontanga, sibhekene nenye inselele: ukubhala phansi, ukulandelela, nokwabelana ngalolu lwazi ngendlela ejwayelekile nethembekile.
Ngaphandle kwengqalasizinda yemethadatha eqinile, silahlekelwa imininingwane eningiliziwe edingekayo ukuhlola ububanzi obugcwele bemiphumela yocwaningo kanye, ngokubaluleke kakhulu, ubudlelwano phakathi kwayo: ukuxhaswa ngezimali ngemuva kwesihloko, izindima zomnikeli kusethi yedatha, ukuthi ngubani obuyekeze ukuphrinta kwangaphambili. Ukuhlolwa kocwaningo okuphumelelayo kudinga imethadatha engasitsheli nje ukuthi yini ekhona, kodwa nokuthi ixhumana kanjani, ukuthi ubani owayidala, nokuthi iyini injongo eyifezayo.
I-Crossref yinhlangano yobulungu engenzi nzuzo enomsebenzi wayo ukwenza ucwaningo lube lula ukuluthola, ukucaphuna, ukuxhumanisa, ukusebenzisa kabusha, nokuhlola. Amalungu abhalisa imethadatha mayelana nezinto zocwaningo kusukela ezihlokweni kanye nokunyatheliswa kwangaphambili kuya kumasethi edatha, ukubuyekezwa kontanga, izibonelelo, kanye nesofthiwe. Ndawonye, lokhu kwakha isixhumanisi socwaningo, umbono we-Crossref werekhodi elihlanganisiwe, elivulekile lezemfundo lapho iphuzu ngalinye lemethadatha linikeza umongo kanye nezixhumanisi kokunye okuqukethwe.
Njengoba ucwaningo lwezinguquko zomphakathi luhlolwa, amapulatifomu abonisa amagrafu olwazi ngeso lengqondo athembele kumethadatha ephelele nekhwalithi ephezulu, okuthathwe ezingqalasizinda ezivulekile njenge-Crossref. Ngaphandle kwe-metadata, i-nexus yocwaningo ayikwazi ukuletha lokho okudingwa yinguquko. Sikanye namalungu ethu angu-24,000, emazweni angu-166, sisebenzisana ekuphatheni le-metadata, okwenza i-Crossref's Ukuthobela i-POSI ingqalasizinda iyisisekelo esiqinile nesikwaziyo ukwandiswa sokuxhumana ngocwaningo.
Shumeka imethadatha ngomklamo. Ngokufaka imininingwane yemethadatha esigabeni sokuqala sokuklama iphrojekthi, abaxhasi bangaqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela yocwaningo itholakala kalula, ingasetshenziswa, futhi ilungele ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe ngale kwezilinganiso zendabuko uma isikhathi sifika. Barcelona Declaration futhi ubhalise imethadatha yokuxhasa ngezimali ngezinhlelo ezifana ne-Crossref Uhlelo Lokuxhumanisa Izibonelelo, as NWO futhi I-FWF sebekwenzile.
Yamukela futhi usekele ingqalasizinda evulekile. Ukutshala imali engqalasizinda eqhutshwa ngumphakathi kuyinto esebenzayo futhi kuyindaba yokwethembeka. Njengoba abaxhasi bedinga abanikeli bezimali ukuthi benze ucwaningo luvuleke futhi lufinyeleleke kalula, bangase bahlole ukwenza okufanayo ngokuvula nokwabelana ngemininingwane yabo yezimali. Lokhu kulungiswa kwenqubomgomo yokusebenza kokuqondanisa kwenza kube nokuhlolwa okulinganayo futhi kubonisa ukuzibophezela kwisayensi evulekile, okuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu emphakathini angafinyelela ulwazi lapho ukuhlolwa nezinqumo ezibaluleke kakhulu kusekelwe khona, ngenhloso yokusobala kanye nokuzibophezela.
Kudinga ukuphathwa kwemethadatha kuyo yonke impilo yephrojekthi. Abaxhasi kufanele bakhe ukugcinwa kwemethadatha ezivumelwaneni zezibonelelo futhi babele izinsiza zokuhlelwa okuqhubekayo, baqinisekise ukuthi imethadatha ihlala yamanje futhi ifaneleka kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube yilapho igcinwa isikhathi eside.
I-metadata ingase ibonakale njenge-scaffolding engabonakali ngemuva kokuxhumana kwezemfundo, kodwa iyintambo ebalulekile exhumanisa iminikelo yocwaningo eyahlukahlukene esifuna ukuyiqaphela. Lapho abaxhasi, izikhungo, abacwaningi, kanye nabahlinzeki bengqalasizinda bezibophezela emikhubeni ye-metadata esezingeni eliphezulu, bavumela ushintsho oluyisisekelo endleleni esiqonda futhi sivuza ngayo umsebenzi wezemfundo.
Ngokutshala imali kwikhwalithi ye-metadata namuhla, ngenqubomgomo, umkhuba, kanye nokubamba iqhaza engqalasizinda evulekile, sibeka isisekelo sesiko elisobala kakhulu futhi elihambisana nezindinganiso zesayensi evulekile. Uguquko esilufunayo luyatholakala, kodwa ludinga ukuthi sonke siqaphele ukuthi i-metadata akuyona into ecatshangelwe kamuva; yisona kanye isisekelo esakha kuso uhlelo olungcono.
Disclaimer
Ulwazi, imibono nezincomo ezivezwa kumabhulogi ethu ezivakashi ezabantu ngabanye, futhi azibonisi izindinganiso nezinkolelo zoMkhandlu Wesayensi Wamazwe Ngamazwe.
Isithombe ngu UMarkus Winkler on Unsplash
Funda kabanzi mayelana neForamu ye-ISC Yokushicilela Nokuhlola Ucwaningo Funda kabanzi mayelana nesifinyezo seSayensi Evulekile: ukusekela ukuvuleleka ohlelweni locwaningo olushintshayo Funda kabanzi mayelana Ingabe sakha ingqalasizinda yolwazi lomhlaba wonke yezwe esinalo noma yezwe esizama ukulidala? Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuqoqwa kwe-Open Science: Ukwenza ama-preprints abalwe 