Vula ukujikeleza kwesayensi: Juni 2024

Kulolu hlelo lokusebenza, sifaka isihloko esithi Mitsuhiro Okada, USolwazi Emeritus eNyuvesi yase-Keio, owabelana ngemininingwane yakhe ngenqubekelaphambili yenhlangano ye-Open Access (OA) e-Japan.

Ukubuka ku-Open Access Movement e-Japan

Ukulandela 2023 Ingqungquthela Ye-Sendai G7 Yongqongqoshe Besayensi Nobuchwepheshe, Uhulumeni wase-Japan uzibophezele ekufinyeleleni okuvulekile (OA) ngo-2025*. Kodwa-ke, epulatifomu yephephabhuku lomphakathi laseJapan i-J-Stage, eqhutshwa yi-Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) futhi esekelwa ngokwezimali uHulumeni waseJapane, amaphesenti angu-6 kuphela amajenali abhalisiwe angaba ngu-3,700 (kanye no-10% acishe abe ngu-2,000 asebenzayo) akwazi ukufinyelela okuvulekile.

Ngakho-ke, uhulumeni waseJapan angayizuza kanjani i-OA ngo-2025 - 2026?

Esinye sezici zokushicilelwa kwejenali yezemfundo e-Japan ukuthi eziningi zihlelwa inhlangano yezemfundo noma umphakathi, lapho amalungu ekhokha imali yonyaka ukuze athole ukufinyelela okusheshayo kuma-athikili. I-J-Stage yakhelwe ukusiza inhlangano ngayinye ukuthi iguqule amajenali ayo abhalisiwe abe yi-OA esheshayo. Eqinisweni, iningi elibalulekile selivele likuvumela ukulanda kwamahhala ukuze kusetshenziswe kahle ocwaningweni nasemfundweni, nakuba ezinye izinhlangano zibeka izithiyo.

Isimemezelo sikahulumeni se-OA ngo-2025 sinikeza ithuba elihle lokuthi izinhlangano zezemfundo zixoxisane ngokusuka kumodeli yenhlangano evamile ukuya kumodeli entsha ene-OA esheshayo. Ngokuvamile, izinhlangano zezemfundo zase-Japan zingabanikazi bamalungelo okukopisha ama-athikili abo wejenali. Lokhu akusona ngempela isithiyo esikhulu; uma inhlangano inquma nge-OA, ingasebenzisa amalayisense e-CC kuzo zonke iziqephu zendatshana ezishicilelwe eminyakeni engama-50 edlule ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ukuze kufezeke i-OA ka-2025 eJapan, isixazululo esisuka phezulu singasetshenziswa lapho uhulumeni eyala inyuvesi noma isikhungo ngasinye ukuthi simise I-Immediate OA Repository (I-OA eluhlaza). Inyuvesi ngayinye noma isikhungo sizobe sese sidinga abacwaningi ukuthi balethe izinguqulo zabo zokugcina ukuze zishicilelwe ngokuzimela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iphephandaba lishicilelwe lini. Le ndlela iphakamisa izinkinga ezihlukahlukene, njengokungqubuzana nomoya womthetho we-copyright waseJapane, ukungaqondakali ekuchazeni "inguqulo yokugcina" yephepha elamukelwayo, kanye nokuba buthaka okungenzeka kwezinhlangano zezemfundo zaseJapane. Lezi zindaba zidinga ukudingidwa okwengeziwe. 

Imikhakha eyahlukene ebandakanyekayo ibilokhu yenza imizamo yokufinyelela umgomo we-OA e-Japan isikhathi eside. Lokhu kufaka phakathi uchungechunge lwe-Japan Open Access Summits, eyesihlanu yayo esanda kubanjwa. Ngenxa yale mizamo yokubambisana eqhubekayo, nginethemba lokuthi maduze sizofinyelela umgomo we-OA eJapane. 

Ngingathanda ukukhomba ezinye izindaba nge-OA ku-Humanities. Ngokubona kwami, ukunquma ukuthi umsebenzi oshintshiwe uyawedlula yini uhla “lokuphuma kokunye” ngomqondo welayisense ye-CC kuthambile kakhulu kubuntu kunasemikhakheni yesayensi ejwayelekile. Nakuba ukususa umsebenzi ophuliwe ekhasini le-inthanethi kulula, akuqondile njengemithombo yephepha evamile esetshenziswa kwezinye izinkambu zobuntu. Kunezinkinga ezimbalwa ezengeziwe ku-Humanities kanye nokunye okuhlobene. Ezinye zazo zicace kakhulu eJapan. Ngihlela ukuxoxa ngalezo kwenye indawo. 

*Okwamaphepha adlulisiwe kanye nedatha yawo yobufakazi ekhiqizwe kunoma yiziphi izibonelelo zocwaningo zomphakathi ezinikezwe izingcingo zezicelo zesibonelelo ezamenyezelwa ngo-2025 nangemva kwalokho. 

Ukubonga: Umbhali uthanda ukubonga uProf. Miho Fujimori (NII) ngengxoxo ngesikhathi kulungiselelwa lo mbiko. 

Mayelana umbhali:

Mitsuhiro Okada unguSolwazi Emeritus eKeio University. Usebenza njengePhini likaMongameli we-2nd we-International Union of History and Philosophy of Science and Technology/ Division of Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science and Technology (IUHPST/I-DLMPST) futhi iwukuxhumana kwe-DLMPST kwe-ISC-Regional Focal Point yase-Asia-Pacific. Ukwengeza, unguMqondisi Wokuhwebelana Kwamazwe Ngamazwe we-Japan Association for Philosophy of Science.  

Izindaba ezinkulu ku-Open Science

Ijenali yokuguqulwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezivulekile kuya ekufinyeleleni okuvulekile kwedayimane 

• The Ijenali ye-Open Hardware ishintshele kumodeli yokufinyelela evulekile yedayimane esingethwe yiNyuvesi yaseWestern Ontario, iqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izindatshana zitholakala mahhala ngaphandle kwezimali zokushicilela. Lolu shintsho, olusekelwa ukubekezela komphakathi, luhlose ukwenza inqubo yokushicilela ifinyeleleke futhi ibe sobala. Ijenali manje yamukela ukuthunyelwa kwe-athikili nababuyekezi ngaphansi kwale modeli entsha, iqhubeka nomsebenzi wayo wokuqhubekisela phambili umfundaze ovulekile wehadiwe. 

I-Cambridge Yethula I-Diamond Open Access Journals Platform 

• I-Cambridge University yethule i- Inkundla ye-Diamond Open Access Journals, iphrojekthi yokuhlola yonyaka owodwa yokweseka umphakathi wocwaningo wale nyuvesi ocwaningweni oluvulelekile nasekushicilelweni kwezazi. Lesi sinyathelo sigqugquzelwa yi-Open Research Systems kanye neHhovisi Lamaqembu e-Scholarly Communication ngaphakathi kwe-Cambridge University Library (CUL) futhi lisebenzisa Inkundla yenqolobane ye-DSpace ukusingatha ukufinyelela okuvulekile, amajenali abuyekezwe ngontanga ngaphandle kwezimali zokushicilela. Amajenali amane aholwa ngabafundi, okuhlanganisa ne-Cambridge Journal of Climate Research, abambe iqhaza ekuhloleni, ngezinhlelo zokwandisa ukubamba iqhaza kanye nokuhlola ukusimama kwesikhathi eside. 

I-PKP Isekela Isimemezelo se-Barcelona ku-Open Research Information 

• The Iphrojekthi Yolwazi Lomphakathi (i-PKP) ivumele i- I-Barcelona Declaration on Open Research Information, umkhankaso owethulwe ngo-Ephreli 2024 ukuze kuthuthukiswe ucwaningo oluvulekile, oluhlanganyelwe nokwabelana ngolwazi ngokulinganayo. Isimemezelo sihambisana FAIR imihlahlandlela, egcizelela ukuvuleka, ukubambisana, nengqalasizinda esimeme ukuya ekuguqukeni kolwazi oluvaliwe lokucwaninga. I-PKP, eyaziwa ngamathuluzi ayo e-Free Open Source Software asetshenziswa amajenali angaphezu kuka-44,000 emhlabeni jikelele, ijoyina ezinye izinhlangano ezingu-28 ekusekeleni lesi sinyathelo ukuthuthukisa ukufinyeleleka nokusebenziseka kwedatha yocwaningo. 

IThesis Yeminyaka Engu-50 Yakhohliswa: Amaphepha Amabili Ahoxisiwe 

• Uprofesa wezibalo ePoland wahoxiswa amaphepha amabili ngemuva kokuthi kutholwe ukuthi wakopisha i-thesis yobudokotela yango-1968 ngomunye uchwepheshe wezibalo wasePoland. I amaphepha, eyanyatheliswa ngo-2016 nango-2017 kumagazini i-Topology and its Applications, eyanyatheliswa ngu-Elsevier, kutholakale ukuthi ifana kakhulu ne-dissertation engashicilelwe.  

I-Estonia izokwethula Ucwaningo Oluphelele, Ukuthuthukiswa, kanye Nomthetho Wokusungula 

• I-Estonia izokwethula isenzo esisha socwaningo, ukuthuthukiswa, nokuqamba izinto ezintsha, ebuyekeza umthetho osuka ku-1997 othathwa njengongasebenzi kahle ezidingweni zamanje. Imigomo ebalulekile ihlanganisa ukudala izixhumanisi eziqinile phakathi kwe-R&D nokusungula izinto ezintsha, ukuxhumana okungcono kwenkonzo, uhlelo olusha loxhaso lwezimali lwezikhungo, kanye nokulawulwa kwezimiso zokuziphatha ngokomthetho okokuqala ngqa. Uhulumeni ulindele ukuthi lo mthetho, okumanje ungaphansi kokuxoxisana nabathintekayo, uzokwamukelwa ekupheleni konyaka futhi uqale ukusebenza ekuqaleni kuka-2025. 

I-ASM Adopts Bhalisela Imodeli Evuliwe ka-2025 

• I-American Society for Microbiology (ASM) izosebenzisa imodeli ethi Bhalisela Ukuvula (S2O) kumajenali ayo ayisithupha ocwaningo ngo-2025. Lokhu kusekela umgomo we-ASM wokusabalalisa ucwaningo olunomthelela omkhulu emhlabeni wonke nokusheshisa inqubekelaphambili yesayensi. Imodeli ye-S2O izoguqula okubhaliselwe kwe-ASM amaphephandaba ukuvula ukufinyelela, ukuvumela ababhali ezikhungweni ezibhalisela ukushicilela ngaphandle kwezindleko zokucubungula i-athikili (APCs), ngaleyo ndlela benze ukushicilela kulingane futhi kubandakanye. Ukwengeza, imodeli ye-ASM's S2O izonciphisa umthwalo wokuphatha ngokusebenzisa izinqubo ezikhona zokubhalisela umtapo wolwazi, isuse isidingo sezingxoxo zomuntu ngamunye. 

I-UNE Ithola Isibonelelo Sikahulumeni esingu-$80,000 Sokuthuthukisa Ukufinyelela Ezinsizeni Zezemfundo Ezingabizi 

• IYunivesithi yaseNew England (UNE) uthole isibonelelo sika-$80,000 kwabakwa I-Davis Educational Foundation ukusekela ukwamukelwa kwezinsiza zemfundo ezivulekile (OER) eminyakeni emithathu ezayo. Lolu hlelo luhlose ukunciphisa imithwalo yemali kubafundi futhi kwandise ukufinyeleleka kwezinsiza zemfundo. Ngokusho komphathi we-UNE Library Services, lolu xhaso luzodala amathuba esibonelelo sikahulumeni esincane ukuze ubuhlakani busebenzise izinsiza ze-OER, kuthuthukise impumelelo yabafundi nokuzibandakanya. Ngokujoyina i-Open Education Network ngo-2023, i-UNE isebenzela ukudala indawo yokufunda elinganayo lapho bonke abafundi bekwazi ukuthola izinto ezidingekayo kusukela osukwini lokuqala. 

I-Open Science NL Yethula Uhlelo Loxhaso Lwezigidi Ezingu-€12.5 Lwengqalasizinda Yedijithali 

• I-Open Science NL imemezele uhlelo loxhaso lwezigidi ezingama-euro ayi-12.5, elikhulu kunawo wonke kuze kube manje, okuhloswe ngawo ukuthuthukisa noma ukuthuthukisa. ingqalasizinda yesayensi evulekile. Lolu hlelo lukhuthaza imizamo yokubambisana yokuthuthukisa izixazululo ezikhona, ukugqugquzela ukuxhumana kanye nokusimama nengqalasizinda yesayensi evulekile. Abantu abanentshisekelo bangathumela izicelo zamaphrojekthi amancane afinyelela ku-€250,000 noma amaphrojekthi amakhulu asukela ku-€250,000 kuya ku-€1,500,000, kanye nobude bephrojekthi obufika eminyakeni emibili nemine ngokulandelana. 

I-Clarivate Ukukhishwa kwe-2024 Imibiko yokucaphuna kwejenali enamazinga Ahlanganisiwe 

• Cacisa ikhiphe isibuyekezo sika-2024 ku- Imibiko Yokucaphuna Ijenali™ (JCR™), ihlinzeka ngamazinga aphelele amajenali ekhwalithi ephezulu ezikhungo zemfundo, abacwaningi, nabashicileli. I-JCR yalo nyaka ihlanganisa ukukleliswa okuhlanganisiwe kuzo zonke izigaba zezifundo, ehlanganisa i-Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI) ukuze kube nokuhlola okuthuthukisiwe nokubandakanyayo. Imibiko ihlanganisa amajenali angaphezu kuka-21,800, okuhlanganisa namajenali afinyeleleka kalula acishe abe ngu-5,800, futhi yethula i-Journal Impact Factor™ (JIF™) kumajenali angama-544 okokuqala ngqa. Lezi zithuthukisi ziqinisekisa ukuthi wonke amajenali athembekile ayaziswa ngokunganaki imvamisa yokucaphuna. 

Isu Likazwelonke LaseSwitzerland Lokufinyelela Okuvulekile Libuyekeziwe Ukuze Kuqinisekiswe Ukufinyeleleka Kwamahhala Kulo Lonke Ucwaningo Oluxhaswe Ngomphakathi ngo-2032 

• Okubuyekeziwe Isu Likazwelonke LaseSwitzerland Lokufinyelela Okuvulekile ihlose ukwenza konke ukushicilelwa kwezifundo okuxhaswe ngumphakathi kutholakale mahhala ngokufinyelela okufundeka ngomshini futhi ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa. Lokhu kusatshalaliswa okuvulekile kwemiphumela yocwaningo kulindeleke ukuthi kuzuzise umphakathi kanye nezifundiswa kakhulu futhi kulindeleke ukuthi kuphothulwe ngo-2032. Isu lakhela phezu kwesinyathelo sika-2017, esiholela ekufinyeleleni okuvulekile okuphelele ngo-2032, namanyuvesi aseSwitzerland kanye I-Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) iqhubekisela phambili imizamo. Isu elibuyekeziwe ligcizelela ukuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda, ikakhulukazi yedayimane kanye nokufinyelela okuvulekile okuluhlaza ikakhulukazi), izinhlaka zomthetho, izingxoxo zabashicileli, kanye nokugqugquzela isiko lokufinyelela elivulekile.

Vula imicimbi yeSayensi namathuba 

• Inqubomgomo yokufinyelela okuvulekile ye-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation idinga ukuthi lonke ucwaningo oluxhaswe yi-Gates lushicilelwe njengokuphrinta kusengaphambili kusukela ngoJanuwari 2025. I-F1000 ibambisene ne-Foundation ukuze yethule I-VeriXiv ngo-Agasti 2024 ukuze kusekelwe izibonelelo ekuthobeleni inqubomgomo ebuyekeziwe. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi, Ujoyine le webinar ngomhla ka-22 Julayi 2024 enesihloko esithi “Demystifying Preprints: Izinzuzo Zokwabelana Ngokushesha Ocwaningweni” ngo-10:00 am EDT / 3:00 pm BST. 
• Ukuqokwa kwe Umklomelo kaSarah Jones by Research Data Alliance (RDA) Council ngokunikela okukhethekile ekukhuthazeni ukusebenzisana ku-Open Science isivuliwe. Umnqamulajuqu wokwamukela iziphakamiso ngu 12 September 2024.   
• I-AIMOS 2024: Ingqungquthela yaminyaka yonke yesithupha ye-Association for Interdisciplinary Meta-research & Open Science (AIMOS) izobanjwa kusukela 19 kuya 21 November 2024 eCanberra/Kanbarra. Izethulo zale ngqungquthela cishe zizovulwa ngo-August 2024. 
• Uhlelo lwesi-3 lwe Isayensi Evulekile eNingizimu Ingqungquthela izobanjelwa eKapa kusukela 9 kuya 11 December 2024. Isicelo se-abstract manje sesivuliwe futhi ifomu lingafinyeleleka lapha.  

Amathuba emisebenzi

• I-EPFL, iSwiss Federal Institute of Technology eLausanne, imema izicelo zokugcwalisa isikhundla Isikhulu Sesayensi Evulekile. Faka isicelo lapha. 
• The Vula i-Preservation Foundation ufuna onolwazi, ogqugquzelekile Umqondisi ophakeme. Umnqamulajuqu wesicelo uwukuthi 8 July 2024. 
• Uhlelo Lolwazi Lomphakathi (I-PKP) ufuna a Umphathi wephrojekthi ukuhlinzekela ukwengamela izinhlobonhlobo zamaphrojekthi amanje nasafufusa. Faka isicelo nokubhala kabusha kanye nencwadi yekhava, kungakedluli u-4:00 ntambama, Isikhathi sasePacific sivuliwe 11 July 2024.  
• I-Astera ifuna ubuciko, i-ejensi ephezulu osomabhizinisi nge-Open Science yayo Fellow uhlelo lokugqugquzela ukushintshana kolwazi kusayensi yezempilo. Lobu budlelwane bonyaka owodwa, besikhathi esigcwele bunikeza iholo lika-$125K – $200K kanye nezinsiza ezifika ku-$350,000 ukuze kuthuthukiswe amathuluzi amasha okushicilela esayensi, okuhloswe ngawo ukudala inhlangano ephumayo noma inkampani. Umnqamulajuqu wesicelo uwukuthi 25 July 2024. 

I-Open Science yethu ephezulu eyishumi iyafundwa

• Iposi Lezivakashi — Iqhaza Le-DOAJ Ekusekeleni Ukuthembela Kumajenali Ezazi: Izinselele Zamanje Nezixazululo Zesikhathi Esizayo 
• Ukushicilela Kwamahhala 
• Ukufinyelela Okuvulekile: Intengo Yedayimane 
• I-ResearchGate Ifihla Izihloko Zokufinyelela Ezivulekile 
• I-Building Trust kuSayensi iProjekthi Yezenhlalakahle Nezobuchwepheshe 
• Izinqubo Zokushicilela Eziyinkinga Ezilimaza Isayensi Evulekile 
• Ukufinyelela okuvulekile Kuyasebenza — kodwa Abacwaningi Bamazwe Aneholo Eliphansi Bajabulela Izinzuzo Ezimbalwa 
• Isethi Yedatha Evuliwe Yezindleko Zokucubungula I-athikili Kusuka Kubashicileli Abakhulu Abayisithupha (2019-2023) 
• Ku-Nature Picket 
• Ukufinyelela Okuvulekile: Inzuzo Akuwona Umthwalo Ozifanele Izindleko 

Disclaimer

Ulwazi, imibono kanye nezincomo ezethulwa izivakashi zethu ezabantu ngabanye, futhi azibonisi izindinganiso nezinkolelo zoMkhandlu Wesayensi Wamazwe Ngamazwe.

Image by Daniel Clay on Unsplash