Ukubonakaliswa okuvela ku-OpenCitations
Mayelana umbhali:
UChiara Di Giambattista usebenza eNyuvesi yaseBologna njengoMqondisi Wezokuxhumana kanye noMphathi Wezokuthuthukiswa Komphakathi wengqalasizinda yeSayensi Evulekile i-OpenCitations, futhi unikeza ukwesekwa kokuphatha njengelungu elibalulekile le-Research Centre for Open Scholarly Metadata ngaphakathi koMnyango Wezifundo Ze-Classical Philology kanye Nezifundo Zase-Italy.
“Ingqalasizinda esezingeni eliphezulu ayibonakali”: yile ndlela uCameron Neylon, uJennifer Lin, noGeoffrey Bilder abachaze ngayo ingqalasizinda eyabiwe Iposi lebhulogi le-2015 ukwethula iMigomo Yengqalasizinda Evulekile Yezemfundo, isethi yeziqondiso ezichaza ukuthi ingqalasizinda evulekile esekela imiphakathi yocwaningo ingabuswa futhi isekelwe kanjani. Le ncazelo ihambisana I-OpenCtations, ingqalasizinda ye-Open Science, kusukela ngo-2010, ebigxile esicini esiyisisekelo kodwa esingavamile ukungabonakali sokuxhumana kwezemfundo: ukuhlinzeka ngedatha yokucaphuna yamahhala nevulekile kanye ne-metadata yezincwadi abacwaningi, amanyuvesi kanye nezinhlangano zocwaningo abavame ukuthembela kuzo ngezinsizakalo zokubhalisa ezifana ne-Web of Science kanye ne-Scopus. Le datha isekela ukuchazwa kwezemfundo, isiza ukulandelela amanethiwekhi okukhiqizwa kolwazi, futhi isekela imikhuba yokuhlola ucwaningo esobala nephindaphindwayo.
Ku-OpenCitations, ukuvuleleka kuwumsebenzi oyinhloko. Ingqalasizinda yayo, okuhlanganisa idatha, izinsizakalo, kanye nesofthiwe, ivulekile ngokuphelele, ngokungafani nezizindalwazi zokucaphuna ezizimele ezibeka lolu lwazi ngemuva kwezindonga zokukhokha, ngaleyo ndlela zikhawulela imikhuba yokuhlola ucwaningo esobala. Ku-OpenCitations, zonke izinsizakalo zimahhala futhi zihloselwe ukuhlala zinjalo, ngoba ingqalasizinda yadalelwa umphakathi futhi ilawulwa umphakathi ngokwawo ngemodeli yokubusa ehlanganyelwe.
Njengoba lokhu kwenzeka, ekupheleni kuka-2025, i-OpenCitations yethule uhlelo inhlolovo yomphakathi ukuqonda kangcono ukuthi umphakathi obanzi wezemfundo ubona kanjani ingqalasizinda. Ucwaningo lugxile ezinsizeni, ukuzibandakanya kanye nokuqwashisa okuhlose ukuhlola ngokungaqondile umbuzo: uma ukungabonakali kuyingxenye yamandla engqalasizinda, ingabe nakho kungaba umkhawulo?
The Imiphumela, eyayihlanganisa uhlu oluhlukahlukene lwabaphenduli, ikhombisile ukuthi enye yezinto eziyinhloko ezibangela ukwazisa i-OpenCitations umsebenzi wayo kanye nezindinganiso zayo zokuvuleleka. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyaphambana nokutholakele mayelana nezithiyo zokwamukelwa: I-OpenCitations iyaziwa kabanzi njengendlela ethembekile esikhundleni sedathabheyisi ezizimele, kodwa ukwamukelwa kuvame ukuba yinto ehlukanisayo phakathi kokuvuleleka kanye nezinto eziwusizo njengokumbozwa, imvamisa yokuvuselelwa kanye nokusebenza.
Lokhu kusikisela iphuzu elibalulekile: amanani kuphela awanele ukuqinisekisa ukwamukelwa, futhi kubonisa inselele ebanzi edlula i-OpenCitations. Kuyo yonke indawo yomhlaba wonke ye-Open Science, ingqalasizinda icelwa kakhulu ukuthi incintisane ezindaweni ezibunjwe yizindinganiso zezentengiselwano, noma ngabe i-logic yazo eyisisekelo ihlukile ngokuyisisekelo. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo awukona nje kuphela ukuthi ingqalasizinda evulekile ingakhula kanjani, kodwa ukuthi ingahlala kanjani isebenza futhi inomthelela ngaphandle kokuphinda i-logic yezinhlelo ezizimele.
Ngezingqalasizinda ezifana ne-OpenCitations, "ukuncintisana" akukhona ukuphindaphinda izinga lezentengiselwano noma ukuphishekela ukwanda okungenamkhawulo. Esikhundleni salokho, kumele kuchazwe kabusha njengekhono lokuthuthuka ngezindlela ezingokoqobo futhi ezihambisana nezidingo zomphakathi kanye nezinsiza ezitholakalayo. Lo mbono usekelwe esimisweni esiyinhloko sezingqalasizinda ezisekelwe emphakathini, okuzinzile kwazo kuncike ekuphathweni ngokubambisana: ingqalasizinda ingeyomphakathi, futhi uma nje umphakathi uqhubeka nokwabelana nokusekela umsebenzi wawo, ingqalasizinda ngokwayo ingaqhubeka ikhona. Umthwalo wemfanelo kanye nokwethembana okwabiwe, kanye nezindinganiso eziqondiswa ukuvuleka hhayi ukuhlukaniswa, kuchaza imodeli engase iphindaphindeke futhi idluliselwe yokuzinza kwengqalasizinda ye-Open Science kabanzi..
Ku-OpenCitations, lo mbono wokukhula okusimeme uhumusha ube umgwaqo wendlela igxile ekuqiniseni indima yayo njengengqalasizinda ejulile ngaphakathi kwesistimu yezemfundo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqinisa ukusebenzisana nezinye izingqalasizinda zocwaningo, kufaka phakathi ezinye izizindalwazi ezivulekile zezincwadi ezivulekile, ukwandisa imithombo yedatha yokucaphuna, kanye nokunciphisa izithiyo zokufinyelela ngokusebenzisa izifundo kanye nezinhlelo zokungenisa abasebenzisi abayinhloko.
Ukukhula ngokunenjongo: lokhu kungaba yinselele enkulu yengqalasizinda evulekile njenge-OpenCitations. Ukuvuleleka njengenani lokusungula kumele kubonakale hhayi kuphela ezimisweni zokubusa, kodwa futhi nasekusebenzisekeni kwansuku zonke, okungukuthi, ukuthi ingqalasizinda ingafinyelelwa kalula kangakanani, ihlanganiswe, futhi ithembeke ekusebenzeni. Lapho ukufinyeleleka, ukusebenza, kanye namanani kusebenza ndawonye kunokuba kube nokungezwani, ingqalasizinda evulekile ingaqaphela ngokugcwele indima yayo njengezindlela zokuncintisana ngaphakathi kwendawo yocwaningo yomhlaba wonke.
Isithombe ngu Izithombe ze-Getty ze-Unsplash+
Funda kabanzi mayelana nekusasa lokushicilela kwesayensi 
Funda kabanzi mayelana ne-Afrika inombono wokuhlanganiswa kwesayensi, kodwa ingabe ososayensi bayo bangakwazi ngempela ukuhamba ngokukhululeka kulo lonke izwekazi? Funda kabanzi mayelana nokufingqwa kweSayensi Evulekile: ingqalasizinda efihliwe ngemuva kokuguqulwa kocwaningo Funda kabanzi mayelana Ingabe sakha ingqalasizinda yolwazi lomhlaba wonke yezwe esinalo noma yezwe esizama ukulidala? 