Mayelana umbhali
UJane Nkiruka Ikwunze wayengumfundi oqeqeshwayo e-ISC, lapho ayesekela khona amaphrojekthi ezindabeni zesayensi yezenhlalo, ukungalingani, ulwazi lwabantu bomdabu kanye nenqubomgomo yesayensi, phakathi kokunye. Ungumcwaningi osemusha emsebenzini wakhe, okwamanje uqeda uhlelo lwe-Master's in Development and Environmental Studies (Arctic Studies) e-Université Paris-Saclay. UJane uneziqu ze-PhD in International Studies and Diplomacy.
Ukubandakanya imiphakathi yendabuko kumaphrojekthi ocwaningo nokuyinika isihlalo esiyinhloko etafuleni lokwenza izinqumo kuyilungiselelo elibalulekile emlandweni wesikhathi eside wocwaningo lokukhipha izimpahla oluvame ukulahla le miphakathi. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kushintshela ekufakweni akukakaxazululi isakhiwo esiyisisekelo. Imibhalo yakamuva evela ku- Umbiko we-Arctic Observing Summit ka-2026 kanye nezinhlelo zesayensi ze- Imingcele ye-Arctic 2026 sebeqalile ukuqaphela leli phuzu elibalulekile. Imiphakathi akufanele nje ihlanganyele ocwaningweni; kufanele inikezwe igunya lokulawula izinhlelo ezibumba futhi zithinte izimpilo zayo kanye nemvelo. Njengoba idlula ukubandakanywa, kumele ikwazi ukusebenzisa igunya nokuzibusa, ukufinyelela uxhaso lwezimali kanye nokuba nobukhosi phezu kwedatha yayo.
Enhliziyweni yalolu daba kukhona ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezibopho ezimbili eziyisisekelo: ukunyakaza kwedatha evulekile kanye nobukhosi bedatha yabantu bomdabu.
Isayensi ye-Arctic isebenzisa izimiso zokuvuleka. Isibonelo, cabanga ngenzwa esetshenziswa eqhweni lolwandle ogwini lwaseSvalbard. Le sensor iqoqa idatha ebalulekile engathuthukisa imodeli yesimo sezulu ethuthukiswayo eColorado. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba idatha eqoqwe yinzwa ayigcinwa yodwa; kunalokho, iyatholakala ukuze umphakathi uyifinyelele. Ukuvuleka kuvumela futhi abacwaningi, bathole futhi bahlanganise le datha namanye amasethi edatha, okudala umbono ophelele wesimo sezulu. Le ndlela ibhalwe ku- Izimiso FAIR (Kuyatholakala, Kuyatholakala, Kungasebenzisana, Kungasetshenziswa kabusha), okuye kwaba yimithetho yokusebenza ezenzakalelayo yokuphatha idatha yocwaningo kuzo zonke izigaba zesayensi ezahlukahlukene.
Isifunda sase-Arctic siyazazisa imikhuba ethile efana naleyo ehilela izindawo eziqondile zezindawo ezingcwele kanye nezindawo zokuvuna. Eminye yale mikhuba yabantu bomdabu, abayibheka njengengcwele, ingonakalisa uma ulwazi lungavikelwe. Izinhlobo ezingaphansi kwengcindezi evela ezithakazelweni zezentengiselwano zingadalula imiphakathi kanye nezindawo zayo zemvelo ekuxhashazweni ucwaningo oluhlose ukukuvimbela.
Empeleni, idatha evulekile ibuza ukuthi idatha kufanele yabelwane kanjani ngemva kokuba isinqumo sokwabelana sesithathiwe; ubukhosi bedatha bubuza ukuthi ubani onelungelo lokwenza lokho kukhetha kwasekuqaleni. Kubantu bomdabu, lelo gunya aliyona imininingwane yehhovisi kodwa liyingxenye yelungelo elibanzi lokuzibusa phezu kwezindawo zabo kanye nokuphila kwabo. Ukuxazulula le ngxabano kubalulekile emikhubeni yocwaningo lokuziphatha ngokubambisana kwesayensi yase-Arctic.
Ngakho-ke, i- Izimiso Zokunakekela Zokuphathwa Kwedatha Yendabuko kugcizelela ukuthi abantu bomdabu kufanele babe nokulawula okukhulu ekusetshenzisweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwedatha nolwazi lwabantu bomdabu ukuze kuzuze abantu bonke. UKUNAKEKELA (Inzuzo ehlanganisiwe, Igunya lokulawula, Umthwalo Wemfanelo, Ukuziphatha), njengoba kuthuthukiswe yi-Global Indigenous Data Alliance, kuhambisana nezimiso ze-FAIR. Bakhuthaza kokubili ukunyakaza kwedatha okuvulekile kanye nokunye ukucabangela abantu abathintekayo kanye nenhloso yokukhuthaza kwabo kanye nemigomo yabo.
Njengamanje, i-NSF Isikhungo Sedatha sase-Arctic izama ukuthola ukuthi ingavikelwa kanjani idatha ebucayi yabantu bomdabu ngaphakathi kohlaka oluklanyelwe ukwenza konke kutholakale.
Enye indlela yokuqhubekela phambili kungaba uhlelo olungawenzi wonke idatha obala futhi oluqaphela ukuthi izinhlobo ezahlukene zolwazi zidinga amazinga ahlukene ezimvume kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo. Isibonelo, ngenkathi eminye imininingwane ingatholakala obala, eminye ingadinga imvume yomphakathi, ihlale ilawulwa ngaphakathi, noma, ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ingafakwa kwidijithali nhlobo. Ngamanye amazwi, labo abakhiqiza futhi baphathe lolu lwazi bangaba nezwi ekusaseni lalo. Le ndlela isisiza ukuba sibone ikusasa lapho ulwazi lufinyeleleka khona ngokuzibophezela futhi luzwela izidingo zemiphakathi ehilelekile.
Omunye umbuzo uwukuthi imiphakathi izozuzani ocwaningweni olwenziwe. Yiziphi izinzuzo ezihlala njalo lokhu kubambisana okuzohlinzeka ngazo emiphakathini ekwenze kwaba lula?
Abacwaningi kanye nezinhlangano ezixhasa ngezimali bavame ukugxila ezilinganisweni zempumelelo ezivamile, njengenani lezincwadi noma izethulo zemihlangano. Kunesidingo sokwamukela umbono ophelele ogcizelela izinzuzo ezifanayo ezihambisana nezidingo ezithile zemiphakathi yase-Arctic.
Ukuze kufezwe lokhu kubambisana, kubalulekile ukuthi:
Ukuchaza kabusha umthelela wocwaningo ngalezi zindlela ukuze kubekwe phambili ukulingana kwangempela kanye nezinzuzo ezihambisanayo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ucwaningo lwase-Arctic lusebenzela kokubili ukubambisana kwesayensi kanye nenhlalakahle yomphakathi. Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukugeleza kwezinzuzo okunezinhlangothi ezimbili.
Nakuba inzwa eseqhweni lolwandle ingadlulisela ukufundwa kwayo elabhorethri elikude nezwekazi ngemizuzwana, umsebenzi onzima kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinzuzo zihamba ngokushesha ngendlela efanayo ngakolunye uhlangothi, zibuyele kubantu abanolwazi lwabo kanye namazwe abo abenze ukutholwa kwaba nokwenzeka. Ekugcineni, lapho umsebenzi wasensimini usuphelile futhi uxhaso seluphelile, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi yini esele emiphakathini yabantu bomdabu eyenze kwaba nokwenzeka.
Isithombe ngu Putulik Jaaka on Ama-pexels
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