URoberto Abadie, Uprofesa Osizayo, uMnyango We-Kinesiology, iNyuvesi yaseWisconsin-Madison; isazi sezokwelapha se-anthropologist
UCelia B. Fisher, Usihlalo Wezemfundo Yokuziphatha eNyuvesi yaseMarie Ward Doty; Umqondisi Wesikhungo Semfundo Yokuziphatha; UProfesa Wezengqondo, eNyuvesi yaseFordham
Emhlabeni wonke, ohulumeni ababusa ngobudlova nabathanda abantu bagxila kakhulu ezikhungweni zesayensi, besusa imali ocwaningweni lwabantu abahlukunyezwe, futhi bevimbela okutholakele okuphonsela inselelo izindaba zezepolitiki ezikhona. EHungary, imizamo kahulumeni ka-Orbán yokwakha kabusha izikhungo zemfundo ephakeme nezocwaningo. baphakamise ukukhathazeka mayelana nenkululeko yezemfundo kanye nokuzimela. IBrazil, ngaphansi kokuphathwa kweBolsonaro, iphonsele inselelo isayensi yezemvelo ngokuphindaphindiwe, yenza buthaka ukuvikelwa kwezindawo zabomdabu, kanye nobuchwepheshe besayensi obuncishisiwe ezindabeni ezifana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye Ubhubhane lwe-COVID-19. Le ndlela inzima kakhulu e-United States ngaphansi kohulumeni wamanje. Ifana neyabanye abaholi bomhlaba wonke ukusunduza ama-ajenda obushiqela, the ukuma komphathi wamanje Ukubhekisela kongqondongqondo, ososayensi nabafundisi kuvame ukuvezwa ngabagxeki njengokubonisa ukuziphatha okuphambene nokunengqondo nokuphambene nesayensi ngaphakathi komongo wobushiqela bomhlaba wonke obuvelayo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, nakuba ukwehla kwentando yeningi e-US kungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili, cishe ingxenye yesine yezizwe zomhlaba babhekene "nokuhlehla kwentando yeningi". Ukwehla kwentando yeningi kuhlobene kakhulu nokuncipha kwenkululeko yesayensi, futhi alikho izwe elingavikelekile.
Ngaphansi kohulumeni kaTrump, i-United States okukhulunywa ngakho ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu “njengenkohliso” futhi kwahoxiswa kwiSivumelwano saseParis izikhathi ezimbili. Muva nje, ukusikeka okubalulekile kwasetshenziswa emithonjeni emikhulu yokuxhaswa ngemali komphakathi kocwaningo lwesayensi, okuhlanganisa iNational Institutes of Health (NIH) kanye neNational Science Foundation (NSF), kanye nokuqokwa kwabantu abanemibono ehambisana nezepolitiki ezikhundleni zobuholi. Amakhulu ezifundo ezindaweni ezifana nezempilo ze-LGBTQ+, ukufuduka, ukukhubazeka, i-HIV/AIDS, kanye nokungalingani kwezempilo kubikwa ukuthi kuqediwe, kuvinjelwe noma kuncishisiwe ukuxhaswa, okuphazamisa imigudu yesayensi, ukukhiqizwa kolwazi, kanye nezinhlelo zomuntu ngamunye, amaphupho kanye nezindlela zomsebenzi, ikakhulukazi izazi zokuqala ezazincishisiwe. Lezi zindawo zocwaningo kubikwa ukuthi bahlaselwe ngamathuluzi obuhlakani bokwenziwa akhomba amagama athile asemqoka, okuhlanganisa “uhlanga”, “abesifazane” kanye “nokungalingani kwezempilo”. Abagxeki bathi lokhu kushintsha, bashintshe imigomo yokusebenza yesikhathi eside yalezi zikhungo, ikakhulukazi ngemizamo ehlose ukubhekana nokubandlululwa okubonakalayo kwemibono ocwaningweni, okuhlanganisa uhlaka lwe-Diversity, Equity, kanye ne-Inclusion (DEI).
Umphakathi wesayensi uphendule ngezindlela ezahlukene, uzama ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha zezikhungo, ukugcina ukuqhubeka kocwaningo ngaphansi kwezimo zokuxhaswa ngezimali ezilinganiselwe, noma ukuguqukela kwezinye izindawo zokufunda ukuze kusekelwe amalabhorethri futhi kukhokhele abafundi abaphothule iziqu kanye nabasebenzi. Lesi simo siyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ngenxa yokuthembela okubanzi kweminyango eminingi namayunivesithi e-US kwizibonelelo zikahulumeni njengomthombo owodwa wemiholo yabaphenyi kanye nezindleko zokusebenza ezihlobene nocwaningo.
Phakathi kokudideka, ukukhathala kanye nengozi yokukhubazeka, kubalulekile ukuthi umphakathi wesayensi ungazinikele ezinqubweni zobushiqela. Abacwaningi, isibonelo, bangase babhekane nengcindezi yokushiya izindawo ezithile zophenyo, bakhiphe abantu abahlukunyezwe ezindaweni eziza kuqala ocwaningweni, bashintshe ulimi olusetshenziswa ukuchaza umsebenzi wabo noma bahlukanise ubudlelwano bomphakathi obusenesikhathi eside. Esikhundleni salokho, kufanele sibuze imibuzo ebuzwe ekuphawuleni kwakamuva ngu UFisher nabanye (2026): Umuntu ulwenza kanjani ucwaningo lokuziphatha ezindaweni ezivinjiwe ngokokuziphatha? Ubudlelwano obusekelwe emphakathini kanye nokwethembana kungagcinwa kanjani ngaphansi kwezimo zokungazinzi kwezikhungo? Abacwaningi kufanele babhekane kanjani nokucindezeleka kokuziphatha okubangelwa ukulinganiselwa okubavimbela ekwenzeni lokho abakholelwa ukuthi kulungile ngokokuziphatha?
Njengoba abaphenyi bezabalaza – ngokuvamile bebodwa – ukuvumelanisa izidingo zeBhodi Lokubuyekeza Lezikhungo zokuvikelwa kwabahlanganyeli nemigomo yabo yobungcweti, izindinganiso kanye nokulindelwe, kumelwe sizikhumbuze ukuthi ucwaningo lwesayensi luye lwabhekana nezikhathi eziningi eziyingozi kuwo wonke umlando. Isibonelo, kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zobhubhane lwe-AIDS, ukwesaba nokubandlululwa kwabesilisa abathandana nabobulili obufanayo, abantu abafaka izidakamizwa kanye nalabo abathuthela e-US baye bakwenza lokhu. ukuxhaswa kwezimali kocwaningo lwe-HIV okubambezelekile. Inkinga yamanje cishe ayinakuba ngeyokugcina. Ngokugxeka, ithonya elinciphayo kodwa elisesemhlabeni wonke le-US liqinisa imikhuba yobushiqela echitha isayensi kwamanye amazwe. Lokhu kuguquguquka kuphoqa ukubhekwa komhlaba wonke ngezinselele zokuziphatha zokwenza ucwaningo ngaphansi kwezimo zobushiqela.
Le ndawo eshintshashintshayo ibeka izinselelo kubacwaningi kanye nemiphakathi ngokufanayo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kososayensi bezempilo yomphakathi kanye nomphakathi abahlola ithonya lokungalingani kwesakhiwo kubantu abahlukunyezwe emphakathini nakwezomnotho, abasengozini enkulu yezifo eziwumshayabhuqe, izinkinga zomnotho, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nezinhlekelele ezihlobene. Ukunciphisa imali kusongela ukuqhubeka kocwaningo olude, oluqeda kakhulu ukwethenjwa kwesayensi ngaphakathi. Ngamanye amazwi, amalungu omphakathi afanele alahlekelwa ukwethenjwa ezivivinyweni ezinkulu kanye nocwaningo futhi abe manqikanqika ukuhlanganyela, okuthinta ukuthembeka kwemiphumela.
Ukunyamalala okungazelelwe kwemithombo yokuxhaswa ngemali kulimaza okungaphezu nje kokutholakele kwesayensi. Ukuphazamiseka kokuxhaswa ngemali yocwaningo kungabeka engcupheni iminyaka yokwakha ukwethembana kanye nokubambisana nezinhlangano ezisekelwe emphakathini kanye nokuzibandakanya nabantu abasengozini noma abahlukunyezwe. Ezinhlanganweni ezisekelwe emphakathini, ukuxhaswa ngemali yocwaningo kuvame ukudlala indima ebalulekile ekusekeleni izinsizakalo ezibalulekile kanye nomsebenzi wokumela. Kwabaningi bale miphakathi, ngokuvamile baqaphela imikhuba yokucwaninga yokukhipha imali lapho abacwaningi “banyamalala” khona ngemva kokuqoqwa kwedatha, ukuba khona okuqhubekayo kanye nokuzibandakanya isikhathi eside. kubalulekile ekwakheni nasekulondolozeni ukwethembana. Isinxephezelo sezezimali futhi kuvame ukubhekwa ngabahlanganyeli bocwaningo njengengxenye yelungiselelo elifanele lokushintshana, lapho ulwazi nolwazi oluphilayo lubhekwa futhi luqashelwa ngokufanele. Abacwaningi manje baphoqeleka ukuthi bacabange kabusha ngezibopho zangaphambilini ezinhlanganweni nakubantu abavame ukunikela ngemisebenzi yabo ekusekeleni. Uma kungekho uxhaso lwezimali zocwaningo, abacwaningi nemiphakathi kumele bachaze kabusha ukubambisana kwabo futhi bathole izindlela ezintsha zokubambisana nokuzibandakanya.
Izingozi zokuzivimbela ekuphenduleni ukuwohloka kwezakhiwo zokuxhasa ngezimali ziphonsela inselelo amamodeli amisiwe okuvimbela, ukwelashwa kanye nocwaningo olubandakanya umphakathi. Lokhu kungenza kubangela ukucindezeleka kokuziphatha - the ukungezwani ngokomzwelo okubuhlungu Abaphenyi banomuzwa wokuthi lapho bevinjelwe ukuqhuba isayensi ngezindlela abakholelwa ukuthi zilungile ngokokuziphatha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungase futhi kuveze ithuba lokucabanga kabusha ngendlela ubudlelwano obakhiwa futhi buqiniswa ngayo ngaphansi kwezimo zokuvinjelwa. Ukugcina ukuzibandakanya kubalulekile. Imisebenzi engabizi kakhulu, engadingi izinsiza eziningi, njengokuhlolwa kwezidingo noma ukuhlolwa kohlelo, ingasiza ekulondolozeni ukubambisana komphakathi ngezikhathi zokungaqiniseki, kuyilapho futhi idala isikhala sengxoxo esobala mayelana nokulindela ukubambisana okuqhubekayo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuzibophezela okuvuselelwe kokuzibandakanya komphakathi kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka kokuziphatha ngokwenza isayensi enhle noma ngokugcina ubudlelwano nabalingani bomphakathi naphezu kwezithiyo zezepolitiki. UFisher nabanye (2026) Ngiphakamise ukuthi, ukusekelana kanye nobumbano kungaba yinto enamandla yokulwa nemizwa yokuphelelwa yithemba, umuzwa wecala ngisho nentukuthelo. Ukuvuselela izibopho zethu nabalingani bomphakathi kungalungisa nokulimala kokuziphatha okutholwe yibo bonke abathintekayo abathembekile ekukhuthazeni impilo kanye nenhlalakahle yawo wonke amalungu omphakathi. ukuzibophezela kufanele futhi kufakwe ukwabelana ngezindleko ezingaqondile ebezilokhu zithandwa amanyuvesi nezikhungo zocwaningo, eziye zazuza ngokwezimali ekusekelweni kukahulumeni noma kwangasese kocwaningo lomphakathi.
Lesi sikhathi senhlekelele akufanele sichitheke. Kunalokho, singacatshangwa njengethuba lokumelana, elibonakala ngokuzibophezela okusha ekuziphatheni okuhle kwesayensi. Lokhu kudinga ukuqina komphenyi kanye nezikhungo, ukuthobeka kokuqonda kanye nokuvuleleka ekucabangeni ngendlela izinto eziza kuqala ocwaningweni ezibunjwa ngayo, kanye izidingo zabo zigxile noma zibekwe eceleni kule nqubo. Ngokuvamile ucwaningo lwethu lugxila ezintweni zomuntu ngamunye hhayi ezintweni ezihlelekile, ukuba yiqiniso kwangaphakathi kunokuhlangenwe nakho kwabantu abaphila ngakho, kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe noma kwezokwelapha kunokungenelela kwesakhiwo noma kwezinto ezihlelekile, kuyilapho kungaxazululwa ngokwanele izithiyo ezihlelekile. Konke lokhu kunciphisa impumelelo yesayensi ekuthuthukiseni izimo esifuna ukuziqonda.
Ezikhathini lapho ohulumeni abangondlovukayiphikiswa befuna ukunciphisa uphenyo lwesayensi, kufanele sibheke lezi zikhathi hhayi nje njengezinselele zenkululeko yesayensi, kodwa futhi njengezimemo zokuhlola ukucabanga kwethu kanye nokungabaza. Ukujoyina nabanye abaphenyi kanye nemiphakathi ekumelaneni kokubili nemingcele ebekwe nguhulumeni kanye nemingcele esizibekela yona esivimbela ekubhekaneni nokungabi nabulungisa okuhlelekile kungaqinisa ubuqotho bokuziphatha kanye nomthelela wezenhlalo wesayensi yethu. Ukutholwa ngakunye okusha okuthuthukisa izimpilo zalabo abasengozini enkulu kuqinisekisa izindinganiso zeqiniso, isithunzi somuntu kanye nobulungiswa bezenhlalo, lapho kubhekene nemizamo yokuthulisa, ukufaka ipolitiki noma ukunciphisa isayensi.
Isithombe ngu UKhashayar Kouchpeydeh on Unsplash
Disclaimer: Ulwazi, imibono kanye nezincomo ezivezwe kumabhulogi ethu ezivakashi ngezalabo abafaka isandla ngabanye futhi azibonisi ngempela izindinganiso nezinkolelo ze-International Science Council. I-Fordham University kanye ne-University of Wisconsin-Madison azinawo umthwalo wemibono evezwe.
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