Disclaimer
Ulwazi, imibono kanye nezincomo ezivezwe kumabhulogi ethu ezivakashi yizo ezabantu abafaka isandla ngabanye futhi azibonisi ngempela izindinganiso nezinkolelo ze-International Science Council.
Ukusuka Inhlangano YaseYurophu Yocwaningo Lwenuzi (i-CERN), eyasungulwa phakathi kwezitha zangaphambili esikhathini esingaphansi kweminyaka eyishumi ngemva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe II, kuze kube I-International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), eyakhuthazwa yi-US kanye neSoviet Union njengethuluzi lokubambisana kulo lonke i-Iron Curtain ekuphakameni kweMpi Yomshoshaphansi, kanye I-synchrotron-light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East (SESAME), esekelwa ngokuhlanganyela amazwe anobudlelwano obungesihle esifundeni, ingqalasizinda yocwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe ibilokhu ikhonza njengemithombo yokuxhumana yesayensi.
Izingqalasizinda zocwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe zihlanganisa ndawonye abacwaningi abahamba phambili emhlabeni wonke, kungakhathaliseki ukholo noma ubuzwe babo. Zibhekwa kabanzi njengamathuluzi okuthula nokwakha ukwethembana, kuyilapho zithuthukisa okuhle kubo bonke, futhi zisebenza njengogqozi lwalokho okungafinyelelwa lapho isintu sisebenza ndawonye sifinyelele umgomo ofanayo. Ngisho nanamuhla, ngokumelene nazo zonke izinkinga zezwe, i-China, i-EU, i-India, i-Japan, i-Korea, i-Russia, ne-US basakha ndawonye I-International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) e-France - i-jigsaw enkulukazi yomhlaba wonke ebingeke iqedwe ngaphandle kokuthi zonke izizwe zilethe izingcezu ezizithembisile.
Ngemuva kwalokhu kuboniswa kokukhuthaza ukuthula ngokusebenzisana kwezesayensi, nokho, kunobufakazi obandayo bokuthi ingqalasizinda yocwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe ayivikelekile nakancane kuma-geopolitics - ngokuphambene nalokho. Abaningi babo bahlangabezana namandla ezepolitiki amaphakathi ezama ukuwahlukanisa, okuhlanganisa nezijeziso eziyisibopho noma zokuzithandela, okuholela ekumisweni noma ekunqanyulweni kokusebenzelana futhi kwezinye izimo kube nokushoda okukhulu kwezimali. Abanye baze bafinyelela ekuvimbeleni abasebenzi babo ukushicilela nozakwabo baseRussia. Amaphrojekthi amakhulu wokwakha nabalingani baseRussia njenge Isikhungo se-Antiproton kanye ne-Ion Research (FAIR) noma I-XFEL yaseYurophu bhekana nezinselele ezinzima. Ngokufanayo, i- I-Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) eDubna (eRussia) yabhekana nenhlekelele enkulu yokulahlekelwa abalingani bayo abambalwa baseNtshonalanga.
Nakuba kungase kuhlale kunezizathu ezinhle esimweni ngasinye, lezi zenzakalo zibukela phansi lilonke ikhono lengqalasizinda yocwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe ukwakha amabhuloho nokugcina imigudu yokuxhumana ivulekile. Ngisho nesibonelo esihle kakhulu sediplomacy yesayensi, i-CERN, yalahlekelwa "ukuba msulwa" lapho inquma ukumisa ukubambisana okusemthethweni nezinhlangano zaseRussia. Ukwethembana kungena esikhundleni sokungathembani, ngisho naphakathi kososayensi, futhi izinyathelo ezivimbelayo ziyasetshenziswa ezweni lonke. Ukwengeza, izingqalasizinda zocwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe zivame ukuba yizisulu zezinqumo ezibanzi zezepolitiki, njengezinqubomgomo zama-visa ezinemikhawulo eyengeziwe.
Nokho, lesi simo asiyona yonke inhlekelele. Intshisekelo evuselelwe kudiplomacy yesayensi emhlabeni wonke - iboniswe ngokuthuthukiswa kwe I-European Framework for Science Diplomacy futhi I-UNESCO Global Ministerial Dialogue on Science Diplomacy - inikeza ithuba eliyingqayizivele lezingqalasizinda zocwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe ukudlala amandla azo. Lapha, imininingwane ethile yokusetha iyabasiza: iningi labo lakhiwe umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe nezivumelwano, futhi akukhona ngqo ukuxosha uzakwethu noma ngabe ubufuna. Lokhu kubavikela ngokwezinga elithile ebulimani be-geopolitical yangaleso sikhathi, kuyilapho kusobala ukuthi ayiluxazululi udaba lapho ozakwethu bengazifezi izibopho zabo, ikakhulukazi mayelana noxhaso.
Njenge-classic inothi ngezwi phakathi kwezinkonzo zakwamanye amazwe kuya ngokuya kuthathelwa indawo okuthunyelwe kwezokuxhumana ngosonhlamvukazi, kukhona (futhi) ukuqashelwa emibuthanweni yezokuxhumana ukuthi ukubambisana kwesayensi ngokusebenzisa izingqalasizinda zocwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe kungasiza ekwehliseni ubuthulu bezwe kanye nobuthulu, kubenze babe amathuluzi abalulekile e-track 2 diplomacy. Akukona nje ukuqondana ukuthi iphakethe lokuqala lezinhlawulo ze-EU ngokumelene neRussia likubeke ngaphandle ngokusobala ukubambisana ekuhlanganisweni kwezikhali zenuzi, ukuphepha kwenuzi kanye nokuvikeleka, kanye nesikhala kusuka ezijezisweni, ngaleyo ndlela kugcine amanye amafasitela okubambisana evulekile, noma ngabe lesi bekuyisinqumo esiphusile kunokukhethwa kwamasu.
Ngakho-ke yini okufanele ingqalasizinda yocwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe yenze esimweni samanje se-geopolitical?
Okokuqala, yenza lokho okwenza kahle kakhulu: isayensi enhle kakhulu, ehilela futhi uqeqeshe amathalente angcono kakhulu ongawathola emhlabeni wonke. Noma ngabe i-geopolitics, angeke kube khona ukuyekethisa kulokho. Thuthukisa imingcele yesayensi, futhi ngokwenza kanjalo, ukhuthaze abantu ocwaningweni oluqhutshwa ilukuluku. Bonisa lokho isintu esingakufeza lapho sisebenza ndawonye, sixazulula izinselele ezifanayo. Izingqalasizinda eziningi zocwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe zikhiqiza izinto ezibonakalayo ezimangalisayo, ezingasetshenziswa ukujabulisa abantu ngesayensi. Bonisa ukuthi umsebenzi wakho umayelana nokuthile okukhulu kunepolitiki yansuku zonke. Funda ukuthinta izinhliziyo zabantu, kuyilapho ubonisa ukuthi umsebenzi wakho uwuzuzisa kanjani umphakathi.
Okwesibili, ungasho ukuthi uzoletha ukuthula emhlabeni. Ngeke. Kodwa yenza lokho okusemahlombe akho ukwakha ukwethembana, kungaba ngocwaningo olwenzayo noma ngendlela owenza ngayo. Khumbula ukuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu kuya kubantu kunendaba, hhayi phakathi kososayensi kuphela, kodwa naphakathi kosomaqhinga, kanye nengqalasizinda yocwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe inesikhundla esikhethekile phakathi kwalokhu kokubili. Izinsiza ezifana ne- I-Hadron enkulu ye-Collider noma Isibonakude Esikhulu Kakhulu njalo bathola ukuvakashelwa izinhloko zezifundazwe, amalungu omndeni wasebukhosini nezinye izicukuthwane, kuyilapho besebenza njengendawo yokuqopha ama-movie ayisihluthulelo. Sebenzisa lawo mathuba ukusabalalisa umlayezo mayelana nokuthi ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kwezesayensi kungafinyelelwa kanjani nokuthi ingqalasizinda yocwaningo lwamazwe ngamazwe inikela kanjani kukho.
Okwesithathu, vuma ukuthi ukugxambukela kwezombusazwe akukwazi ukugwenywa futhi kube okunengqondo ngakho. Phela ingqalasizinda yocwaningo ixhaswa kakhulu ngemali yabakhokhi bentela. Kuzodingeka ubhekane nalezi zinkinga, uthanda noma ungathandi, futhi ukuzenza sengathi indlovu ekamelweni ayikho ngeke kuyenze ihambe. Njengamanje, ukuncintisana nokuvikeleka kocwaningo kuyindaba egudwini edolobheni, futhi wonke umuntu kuzodingeka anikele ngamakhono akhe onke ukuze agcine ukubambisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kuvulekile futhi kuvikelekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, zama ukudweba izikhala ezidingekayo ukuze kwenzeke umlingo wesayensi yezokuxhumana.
Okwesine, imbewu manje izitshalo zesikhathi esizayo. Ungase ungaziboni izithelo ngokushesha, kodwa sonke kudingeka sigcine ithemba lezwe elingcono liphila.
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Funda kabanzi mayelana nesicelo seziphakamiso: Ukubonisana ngocwaningo | isikhathi sokugcina: 27 Septhemba Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuhlanganisa isayensi nokuphatha eLatin America naseCaribbean 
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